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What is a File system?File system is a collection of algorithms and data structures that perform the translation from logical file operations to actual physical storage of information. In computing, a file system determines how data is stored and retrieved.
Without using the file system, information placed in a storage medium would be one large body of data with no way to know where one piece of information stops and the next one begins.
Key Takeaway:
FAT32 is an older type of file system that is not as efficient as NTFS, whereas exFAT is a modern replacement for FAT32, and more devices and OS support it than NTFS, but it is not as widespread as FAT32, and NTFS is the most modern file system. Windows uses NTFS system drive and, by default, for most non-removable drives.
What is FAT32?FAT32 is one of the oldest of the three file systems available to Windows. It is introduced this system in Windows 95 to replace the FAT16 file system used with older OS systems like DOS and Windows 3.
Individual files on a FAT32 drive cannot excessed 4 GB in size, which is maximum.
A FAT32 partition should be less than 8 TeraByte (TB). The FAT32 contains four bytes per cluster inside the file allocation table.
What is exFAT?
It is known as the most updated file system from Microsoft for Windows OS. This system is compatible with flash drives, thumb drives, or memory cards. The full form of exFAT is an extended file allocation table. It has large limits on file and partition sizes. It optimizes exFAT for flash drives.
What is NTFS File System?It is known as the most updated file system from Microsoft for Windows OS. This system is compatible with flash drives, thumb drives, or memory cards. The full form of exFAT is an extended file allocation table. It has large limits on file and partition sizes. It optimizes exFAT for flash drives.
NTFS is a modern-day file system that is used by default used by Windows. When you install Windows 10 into your PC or laptop, it formats your system drive with the NTFS file system. This file system has the file size and partition size limits, which are so huge that you are not likely to run up with disk space.
NTFS file system made it’s first debut with Windows XP. It supports file permissions for security, a change in a journal that allows you to recover when your computer crashes, reach disk quota limits, shadow copies of your backup, etc.
Difference between FAT32 and exFAT and NTFSHere are some important differences between FAT32, exFAT, and NTFS File System:
FAT32 exFAT NTFS
FAT32 is a file system that was first introduced with Windows 95. ex-FAT was introduced with Windows XP and Vista operating system. NTFS was first introduced with Windows NT, but it is widely used after Windows XP.
Easy to use and quick to access format. It is best suited for Flash drives. NTFS supports file permissions, shadows copies for backup, provides encryption, disk quota limits, etc.
It works fine with all versions of Windows. Mac, Linux, etc It works with all versions of Windows. Compatible with all versions of Windows
You do not need a special configuration to use with Mac devices. exFAT file system works with all versions of Windows, Mac OS X, needs additional software on Linux. It is read-only with Mac and some version of Linux.
Maximum file size 4 GB and partition size 8 TB. It also does not have any particular file size or partition size limits. Not have any specific file size or partition size limits.
FAT32 is an older type of file system which is not as efficient as NTFS. exFAT is a modern replacement for FAT 32, and more devices and OS support it than NTFS, but i not as widespread as FAT32. NTFS is the most modern file system. Windows use NTFS system drive and, by default, for most non-removable drives.
Advantages of FAT32Here are the pros/benefits of FAT32:
FAT32 file system can contain 268.173.300 files as long as it is using 32 KB clusters.
This file system supports drive sizes up to 2 TB or as high as 16 TB with 64 KB clusters.
This system also relocates the root folder in which you can use the backup FAT table copy.
FAT 32 file system can boot record on FAT32 drives can be expanded.
Here are the cons/drawback of FAT32
It cannot store a file which is larger than 4GB
You cannot create a FAT32 partition that is larger than 8 TB.
It lacks the permission and other security features built into the more modern NTFS file system
In the FAT32 file system, you cannot install current versions of the file windows that is difficult to install to a drive formatted with a FAT32 file system.
Advantages of exFATHere are the pros/benefits of the exFAT file system:
exFAT can restore deleted files after unintentional deletion from the exFAT file system.
Restore formatted exFAT file system on Windows
It helps you recover data from a hard drive, USB drive, memory card, memory stick, etc.
Retrieve files from exFAT like document, photo, image, video, music, email, etc.
Helps you to store files much larger than the 4 GB allowed by FAT32
No realistic file-size or partition-size limits
Not as compatible as FAT32
Advantages of the NTFS system
You can back up the boot sector.
Allows you to set disk quotas format volumes up to 2TB.
You can use the NTFS file system with Mac OS X and Linux operating systems.
This file system helps you to minimize the number of accesses to find a file.
It supports large files, and it nearly has no realistic partition size limit.
Allows the user to set file permissions and encryption as a file system with higher security.
Restores the consistency of the file system by using its log file and checkpoint information.
It helps you to compress files, folders, or the whole drive when they are running out of disk space.
Uses a change journal to help restore information quickly if power failure or other system problems occur.
Enables users to set disk quotas, limiting the number of space users can consume.
No realistic file-size or partition size limits.
NTFS file system is not applicable for MS-DOS, Windows 95, and Windows 98 systems.
The NTFS file system is slow with a small disk size.
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Bard Vs. Chatgpt Vs. Bing: What’s The Difference?
Bard, ChatGPT, and Bing are all AI chatbots that are capable of holding conversations and answering questions. However, there are some key differences between the three chatbots.
Bard vs. ChatGPT vs. BingChatGPT, Bard, and Bing are all large language models (LLMs) that are trained on massive datasets of text and code. They can all generate text, translate languages, write different kinds of creative content, and answer your questions in an informative way. However, there are some key differences between them.
Bard is a large language model from Google AI, trained on a massive dataset of text and code. Bard can generate text, translate languages, generate poetry, code, scripts, music pieces, emails, and letters, write various types of creative content and answer your questions in an informative way. Bard is still under development, but it has learned to perform many kinds of tasks.
Bing is a search engine developed by Microsoft that offers a variety of features, including voice search, visual search, and a search assistant chatbot called Bing. Bing AI is able to answer questions about a wide range of topics, and it can also provide directions, weather forecasts, and other useful information. The chatbot is designed to understand and respond to natural language queries and is powered by Microsoft’s AI technology, making it a versatile tool for many different uses. However, Bing AI can sometimes be slow to respond, and it may not be able to answer all of your questions accurately.
So, which AI chatbot is the best? It depends on your needs and requirements. If you need a chatbot that can hold conversations on a wide range of topics, and that can even generate creative text formats, then ChatGPT is a good option. If you need a chatbot that can answer questions accurately and quickly, then Bing AI is a good option. And if you need a chatbot that is still under development, but has the potential to be very powerful, then Bard AI is a good option.
Here is a table that summarizes the key differences between Bard and ChatGPT:
OpenAI’s ChatGPT and Google’s Bard are two of the top AI chatbots available, designed to assist users with various tasks, from generating new text to answering questions. Each chatbot has its own unique features and capabilities, making them useful for different scenarios.
FeatureBardChatGPTLanguage modelLaMDAGPT-3.5Training dataText and code, plus real-time informationText and codeStrengthsInformative, accurate, creativeConversational, creativeWeaknessesStill under developmentCan be inaccurate or biasedBest forResearch, education, businessCasual conversations, creative tasks
ChatGPT vs. BingMicrosoft’s Bing Chat and OpenAI’s ChatGPT are both AI chatbots that can hold conversations with humans. However, there are some key differences between the two chatbots.
Here is a table that summarizes the key differences between ChatGPT and Bing AI:
FeatureChatGPTBingLanguage modelGPT-3.5GPT-4Training dataText and codeText, code, and real-time informationStrengthsConversational, creativeInformative, accurateWeaknessesCan be inaccurate or biasedSlow to respond, may not be able to answer all questions accuratelyBest forCasual conversations, creative tasksResearch, education, business
Ultimately, the best chatbot for you will depend on your needs and preferences. If you need a chatbot that can hold conversations on a wide range of topics, and that can also generate creative text formats, then ChatGPT is a good choice. If you need a chatbot that can answer questions about a wide range of topics, and that can also provide directions, weather forecasts, and other useful information, then Bing AI is a good choice.
Bard vs. BingBard and Bing are both large language models (LLMs) from Google AI and Microsoft, respectively. They are both trained on massive datasets of text and code, and they can both generate text, translate languages, write different kinds of creative content, and answer your questions in an informative way. However, there are some key differences between the two LLMs.
Bing AI is a more mature LLM, and it is able to answer questions about a wide range of topics. It can also provide directions, weather forecasts, and other useful information. However, Bing AI can sometimes be slow to respond, and it may not be able to answer all of your questions accurately.
Here is a table that summarizes the key differences between Google Bard and Microsoft Bing AI:
FeatureBardBingLanguage modelLaMDAGPT-4Training dataText and code, plus real-time informationText, code, and real-time informationStrengthsInformative, accurate, creativeQuick and easy to access informationWeaknessesStill under development, may not be able to answer all questionsSlow to respond, may not be able to answer all questions accuratelyBest forResearch, education, businessResearch, education, business
ChatGPT vs. Bard vs. Bing: What’s the Difference?ChatGPT, Bard, and Bing are all large language models (LLMs) that are trained on massive datasets of text and code. They can all generate text, translate languages, write different kinds of creative content, and answer your questions in an informative way. However, there are some key differences between them.
Here is a table that summarizes the key differences between ChatGPT, Bard, and Bing AI:
FeatureChatGPTBardBingLanguage modelGPT-3.5LaMDAGPT-4Training dataText and codeText and code, plus real-time informationText, code, and real-time informationStrengthsConversational, creativeInformative, accurate, creativeInformative, accurateWeaknessesCan be inaccurate or biasedStill under development, may not be able to answer all questionsSlow to respond, may not be able to answer all questions accuratelyBest forCasual conversations, creative tasksResearch, education, business, casual conversations, creative tasksResearch, education, business
Which AI Chatbots Are Best?You have seen the comparison of AI chatbots in this article; there is no one “best” AI chatbot, as the best chatbot for you will depend on your needs and preferences. If you need a chatbot that can hold conversations on a wide range of topics, and that can also generate creative text formats, then ChatGPT is a good choice. If you need a chatbot that can answer questions about a wide range of topics, and that can also provide directions, weather forecasts, and other useful information, then Bing AI is a good choice. And if you need a chatbot that is still under development, but that has the potential to be very powerful, then Bard AI is a good choice.
Finally, the best chatbot for you will depend on your needs and preferences. Consider what you need a chatbot for, and then choose the chatbot that best meets your needs.
Gaming Routers Vs. Standard Routers: What’s The Difference?
“X-treme to the Max”Like many companies these days, router manufacturers have learned that the “gamer” market is one that’s willing to pay a lot of extra coin for only a moderate boost in actual performance. As a result, major companies like Netgear, Linksys, and D-Link have all released their own gamer-focused routers which supposedly offer better performance than your standard router.
But how much performance do you actually need? Realistically, it all comes down two things: signal strength, and features.
How Much Bandwidth Does Gaming Need?The thing about gaming is that long ago – way before broadband was the norm and 56K modems ruled the ‘Net – game designers learned how to highly optimize the amount of traffic and bandwidth required to communicate moves in multiplayer games. This means that even in today’s more complex games, on average you likely won’t need more than about 20Kbps of free bandwidth to game at full speed.
Any router, gaming-centric or otherwise, can handle a measly 20Kbps of bandwidth. Even if you add voice communication on top of that, you likely won’t ever go above the 100Kbps mark. So what is it that gaming routers actually bring to the table?
It’s All About the FeaturesAlthough total bandwidth isn’t so important when reading through the list of features that makes a gaming router better than any other, the true value is found in additional features like QoS. QoS, or “Quality of Service,” is an automatic service that can prioritize bandwidth to particular devices, or even applications, depending on how much bandwidth they need on the network.
For example, if you’re trying to get in a match of Counter Strike at the same time your roommates are watching Netflix, downloading files, and loading up on BitTorrent requests, your gaming session might suffer as a result. Gaming routers have highly-customizable QoS options that will let you put your gaming PC at the top of the pile, guaranteeing that you always get first pick of the good bandwidth.
Other important inclusions are newer technologies like MU-MIMO beamforming, or “Multiple-In, Multiple-Out.” MU-MIMO allows for simultaneous data streaming rather than sequential. What does this mean?
Well, think of it like this. Traditional routers work sort of like a machine gun strapped to a carousel, with devices placed at every corner. One bullet hits a device (one packet of data), the carousel rotates, and the next device after that gets its packet. The more devices attached to the network, the more stops the carousel needs to make before it completes a full rotation. (Of course routers do this much, much faster with data.)
MU-MIMO routers have one machine gun for every device, which means a constant stream of unbroken bullets (packets) can be shot at every device simultaneously. What does this all mean for gamers, though? All in all, it breaks down to latency and ping, which are drastically reduced when your device gets a simultaneous data stream rather than a sequential one.
So Are Gaming Routers Worth the Extra Cost?Not really.
Features like QoS and MU-MIMO already exist on dozens of available non-gaming routers, and often you can get the same router with just as many features and as much power for hundreds less than the gaming version. With gaming-centric routers, you’re not paying for much more than a unique design and some marketing nonsense on top of that; even this bargain basement ASUS router comes with extensive QoS options and MU-MIMO for less than $70.
If you want a router that looks like it’s straight out of the future and matches your gaming PC in aesthetics, by all means drop the extra coin, but if you’re just on the hunt for something that works and gets the job done, you’re much better off just grabbing a router that has the features you need at a cost point you can reasonably afford.
Chris Stobing
A tech writer with seven years of experience in the industry, Chris Stobing has come to MakeTechEasier to do one thing and one thing only: make tech easier for the people who need it!
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Usb A Vs Usb C – What’s The Difference?
USB is an evolving technology and has become a universal standard for connecting peripherals and charging electronic components. Ever since its development in 1996, we have come across fourteen different USB connector systems.
Among them, we’re all familiar with USB Type-A as they are ubiquitous, reliable, and versatile. However, they still have limitations in various aspects, like data transfer rate, power delivery, etc. Understanding these needs, the USB Implementers Forum (USB-IF) introduced type-C in 2014 with huge sets of improvements.
If you’ve got your hands on both connectors, you know there’s a significant difference in their design. While it takes a few attempts to find the right side to plug in the USB-A cable, USB-C can be inserted either way, thanks to their reversible connector. Apart from that, there are plenty of other distinctions, which we will discuss further in this article.
USB A port and connector
Whether it is a monitor, laptop, PC case, gaming console, or flash drive, USB A ports are available everywhere. They have become an indispensable part of our lives as we use them for various purposes – charging smartphones, connecting peripherals, backing up data, and more.
They are flat and have a rectangular shape. If you take a close look inside the connector, you should notice four (in generations 1 & 2) or nine (in generations 3 & 3.1) pins. The additional five pins in the latter are for SuperSpeed data transfer and increased power delivery.
Usually, these types of cables have USB Type-A at one end and different connectors (Type-B, Type-C, Micro-B, etc.) on the other. You’d be surprised to know that USB-A to USB-A male cables also exist in a handful of numbers, but are proprietary.
However, the USB-IF discourages attaching a random USB-A plug to the USB-A receptacle as this can be hazardous. The type A connector is only for hosts, and when connected to two devices may damage both components. To use it safely, ensure the three pins (D-, D+, and VBUS) are missing on one of the USB-A connectors.
Moving on, Type-A offers a slower data transfer rate and can only charge small-sized devices. These can vary based on the different USB generations, which we have discussed in the detailed table below.
FactorsData Transfer Rate (max)Power Delivery (max)Maximum VoltageMaximum CurrentPin ConfigurationUSB 1.01.5 Mbps2.5W5V0.5A4-pinUSB 1.112 Mbps2.5W5V0.5A4-pinUSB 2.0480 Mbps2.5W5V0.5A4-pinUSB 3.05 Gbps4.5W5V0.9A9-pinUSB 3.110 Gbps15W5V3A9-pinDifferent generations supported by USB Type-A
Despite the difference in pin configuration, USBs 1 & 2 are compatible with the third generation and vice versa.
Although the USB A ports do not accept audio or video input, they can still output them. However, a compatible adapter (for example, USB-to-HDMI) is required for transmitting these signals. For example, you can connect the USB to your laptop and the HDMI to a monitor to render graphics.
Lastly, USB-IF has already stopped the iteration of the type A connectors after 3.1. This is a clear sign that it will be superseded soon.
Pros:
Available on almost all electronic devices and peripherals
Faster and more durable than serial and parallel ports
Supports charging compatible devices
Cons:
Mostly used as a downstream connection, and is hardly used for upstream
Slower in data transfer and power delivery compared to USB-C or Thunderbolt
Doesn’t support alternative modes
Require adapters for audio and video support
USB-C port and connector
Like USB A, USB C can transmit both power and data, but just faster. They were introduced as a standard for all electronic devices, replacing the thirteen previous connectors.
It has an oval-shaped receptacle and a slimmer reversible plug. This means that you can insert the cable either way.
They have a 24-pin configuration in all generations. While the male and female connectors usually have no labels, some devices embed a USB symbol to help identify them.
You’ll most likely find the Type-C ports on all recently-launched laptops, PCs, hubs, and other devices. In fact, a USB-C flash drive is also available these days, which is much more durable and convenient than the older ones.
Reportedly, USB-C was introduced in 2014 and its first specifications were USB 2.0, even though 3.1 was already launched. Since then, USB-IF has made seven revisions (currently 2.2), each having better specifications than the former.
FactorsData Transfer Rate (max)Power Delivery (max)Maximum VoltageMaximum CurrentUSB 2.0480 Mbps2.5W5V0.5AUSB 3.05 Gbps4.5W5V0.9AUSB 3.110 Gbps15W5V3AUSB 3.220 Gbps100W20V5AUSB 440 Gbps240W (USB PD)48V (USB PD)5AUSB 4 v280 Gbps, 120 Gbps (asymmetric)240W (USB PD)48V (USB PD)5ADifferent generations supported by USB Type-C
With the recent development of USB 4 version 2, Type-C has even become faster than the Thunderbolt 4 (40 Gbps). However, it’s just a matter of time until the new generation Thunderbolt surpasses it.
You can even insert the USB-C cable on Thunderbolt 3 and higher interfaces. This is because they share the same reversible connectors and pin configuration.
Moreover, Type-Cs support Ultra-HD 4K video at 60Hz. But with the DisplayPort Alt Mode, it can even handle an 8K monitor at the same refresh rate. Along with this, it also supports Power Delivery, which enables charging high-end gadgets at up to 240W.
A USB C connector comes with a USB A on the other end. However, USB C to USB C cables are also available, and they charge devices much faster and the data transfer rate is also high.
Pros:
Symmetrical and reversible connector
Supports alternate modes
Handles Ultra-HD 4K (at 60Hz) and 8K (with DP Alt Mode)
Can charge large-sized electronic devices
Faster than all the USB connectors
Fully bi-directional
Cons:
Fewer ports on devices
Comparatively expensive than other USB connectors
There are different connectors available today – Type-A, Type-B, Type-C, Mini-A, Micro-A, Micro-B, and others. While all of them have specialties of their own, the majority of us have leaned towards USB A and USB C.
These connector systems differ in terms of form factor, pin configuration, data transfer rate, power delivery, and more. So, without any further delay, let’s get into them in detail.
Unlike USB A, USB C has a rotationally symmetrical (reversible) connector
USB A and USB C are completely different in terms of shape and size. While the former’s receptacle opening is 12.50 mm x 5.12 mm, the latter is 8.34 mm x 2.56 mm. Clearly, type A has a much larger physical connector, while type C is somewhat similar to the size of a micro-USB.
The standard A plug and receptacle have a flat, rectangular shape. On the other hand, the type C connectors are oval-shaped.
Another important difference lies with the cord’s symmetricity and reversibility. USB A has a non-reversible interface. Thus, you require to identify the top and bottom sections before plugging them into its port. The side with a crease in the middle is its bottom, while the one having a USB symbol imprinted is the top side.
USB-A Pinout
USB A 1.0, 1.2, and 2.0 have a 4-pin configuration. Here, pins 2 and 3 are for data (D- and D+), while the remaining are for ground (GND) and voltage (VCC).
Unlike USB A 2.0, USB 3.0 and 3.1 have a 9-pin configuration. Among the five additional pins, two are for receive (Receive- and Receive+), two for transmit (Transmit+ and Transmit-), and one for ground (GND).
USB-C has a 24-pin configuration on both plugs and receptacles. As per the above figure, the receptacles have four Enhanced SuperSpeed differential pairs, four ground, four power, two Sideband Use, two high-speed USB differential pairs, and two Configuration Channel pins.
USB-C Pinout
On the other end, the pins in a USB-C plug have a mirrored configuration. Here, one high-speed differential pair (D- and D+ in B6 and B7) is missing, and the CC2 (in B5) is replaced by a separate power supply (VCONN).
The data transfer rate of USB-A and USB-C are identical until the 3.1 iteration. Since the former doesn’t support higher generations, they are limited to 10 Gbps.
On the other hand, the latest USB 4.0 offers a bandwidth of 80 Gbps in symmetric mode. Moreover, its data transfer rate spikes to 120 Gbps in asymmetric mode, which is the highest for Type-C connectors.
USB A vs USB C vs USB C PD – Differences in terms of Power, Voltage, and Current
Since USB A’s final iteration is 3.1, it can provide a maximum power of 15 W and 3 A at 5V. Therefore, using the USB-A to Mirco-B or USB-A to USB-C cables, it’s sufficient enough to charge low-end devices.
On the other hand, a USB-C is capable of powering large-sized devices requiring high wattages. Both USB 4 and its second version offer 100 W power and 5 A current at 20 V.
However, after the USB-C revision 2.1 specification, it started supporting a fast-charging technology (USB-PD). This offers a maximum power of 240 W with a 5 A current at 48 V.
Both USB A and USB C support video signals. However, the former requires the right adapter (USB A to HDMI, USB A to DisplayPort, etc.). Also, it can handle a monitor of up to 1080p only.
Unlike Type-A, USB C can support high monitor resolutions, up to Ultra-HD 4K at 60Hz. In fact, with the DisplayPort over USB-C, it can even handle an 8k display at the same refresh rate.
The final difference is that USB-C supports third-party protocols which USB-A doesn’t. These are called alternate modes and are negotiated over a port-to-port basis over the USB Power Delivery.
In the Type-C pinout, third parties can revise specifications in the TX, RX, and SBU pins. A popular example of the alternate mode is the DisplayPort over USB-C, which enhances various performances, including data transfer speed, backward compatibility, and mainly display support.
Both USB A and USB C are the types of USB standards, but the latter is considered a much better option for connecting devices. They are better in terms of speed, power delivery, display support, and alternate modes. Also, it is backward compatible with all USB A generations through an adapter.
Despite these differences, USB A is still used in abundance. In fact, we can find devices with multiple Type-A ports but no USB C. This is probably because both manufacturers and users are yet to accept it as a universal standard.
The below comparison table shows all the differences between USB A and USB C which we discussed earlier.
FactorsUSB AUSB CReceptacle12.50 mm x 5.12 mm, rectangular-shaped8.34 mm x 2.56 mm, oval-shapedPlugNon-reversible connectorRotationally symmetrical connectorSupported USB Generations1.0, 1.1, 2.0, 2.0 (revised), 3.0, and 3.12.0, 2.0 (revised), 3.0. 3.1, 3.2, 4, 4 v2 (backward compatible with 1.0 and 1.1)Pin Configuration4-pins (1 & 2), 9-pins (3.1 and 3.2)24-pinsMaximum Data Transfer Rate10 Gbps (3.1)80 Gbps (USB4 v2 symmetric mode), 120 Gbps (asymmetric mode)Maximum Power15 W (3.1)100 W (3.2 and higher), up to 240 W (USB Power Delivery)Maximum Voltage5 V48 V (USB PD)Maximum Current3 A (3.1)5 A (3.2 and higher)Display SupportUp to 1080p using adapters Ultra-HD 4K at 60Hz, 8k at 60Hz (DisplayPort over USB-C)Third-party protocolsDoesn’t support alternate modesSupports alternate modes (Example, DisplayPort over USB-C)Differences between USB Type-A and USB Type-C
Oneplus 6T Vs Oneplus 6: What’s The Difference?
Our Verdict
As is the case with every new OnePlus release, you can’t buy the older phone anymore. If you want to buy a OnePlus phone direct from the company, it will have to be the 6T. It has a larger display and bigger battery, but if you want a headphone jack you might want to seek out a OnePlus 6 second hand online. But the OnePlus 6T is technically the best OnePlus phone ever and its performance in the Android world is second only to that of a Pixel 3.
Buying a OnePlus phone is great – it’ll cost you less outright than most other phones with the same specs and you’ll get a clean Android experience in a well-designed piece of hardware. But OnePlus only sells one phone at a time and replaces that phone every six months.
The OnePlus 6T replaces the OnePlus 6. The newer phone looks pretty similar with an all-glass design, but there are some key differences. If you have a OnePlus 6 and want to upgrade or if you want to know how much has really changed, read on.
Read our full OnePlus 6T review.
Price and availabilityThe OnePlus 6T costs £499 and is available directly from OnePlus from 6 November. In the UK it’s also available from O2, EE, Vodafone and Carphone Warehouse.
See all of the best contracts in our OnePlus 6T deals article.
In the US the phone starts at $549 and you can buy directly from OnePlus or T-Mobile. You can also get it earlier on 1 November.
OnePlus no longer sells the OnePlus 6 but you may be able to find it on eBay or stock left in the UK with O2.
DesignBoth phones have a similar all-glass design. The backs of both are pretty identical except for the fingerprint sensor on the 6. The 6T has an in-screen fingerprint sensor.
The OnePlus 6T has a notch but it’s smaller than on the 6. A small teardrop shape, it’s basically just there to house the single front facing camera, with the earpiece a tiny sliver in the top edge of the phone. The 6’s notch held both of these, so was bigger.
The 6T loses the headphone jack but is slightly taller and fatter than the 6, in part to accommodate a larger battery. Both phones have the same curves, alert slider and power button positioning.
You be hard pressed to tell these two phones apart if it weren’t for the different notches.
Features and specsWhen two phones look this similar, you’ll find that most of the differences are in the specs.
Here’s a handy comparison table:
SpecificationOnePlus 6OnePlus 6TOperating SystemAndroid 8.1 Oreo, upgradable to 9 PieAndroid 9 PieDisplay6.28in Full HD+ (2280×1080) AMOLED, 19:9, 402ppi6.41in Full HD+ (2340×1080) AMOLED, 19.5:9, 402ppiProcessorQualcomm Snapdragon 845 octa-core processorQualcomm Snapdragon 845 octa-core processorMemory6/8GB6/8GBStorage64/128/256GB128/256GBPrimary Camera16Mp and 20Mp rear camera, f/1.716Mp and 20Mp rear camera, f/1.7Front Camera16Mp f/2.016Mp f/2.0Video Recording4K @ 60fps, Slo-mo 720p @480fps 4K @ 30fps, Slo-mo 720p @ 120fpsWiFi802.11 a/b/g/n/ac dual-band802.11 a/b/g/n/ac dual-bandGPSYesYesBluetooth5.0 with aptX5.0 with aptXNFCYesYesFingerprint scannerYesYes, in-screenWireless chargingNoNoColoursSilk White, Mirror Black, Midnight BlackMirror Black, Midnight BlackPortsUSB-C, 3.5mm Headphone jackUSB-CWaterproofUsable in light rain showers
Usable in light rain showers
Dimensions155.7mm x 75.4mm x 7.75mm Weight177g Battery3300mAh3700mAh
As you can see, there are not a lot of differences. Both phones have the same processor, cameras and come in the same two black colours.
The 6T has dropped the 64GB storage option, offering 6GB RAM with 128GB storage, or 8GB RAM with 128 or 256GB. Storage on both phones is non-expandable.
If you’re on the lookout for a OnePlus 6, make sure you check with RAM/storage model you’re buying.
Screen sizes differ with the OnePlus 6T having a huge 6.41in display with a tall aspect ratio of 19.5:9, compared to 6.28in on the OnePlus 6. There’s also a larger 3700mAh battery in the 6T.
Neither phone has wireless charging despite both having glass backs. They also share camera components, though OnePlus claims the 6T can shoot better pictures – it’s unclear how, but our review will uncover if this is the case.
XXXX review link
SoftwareBoth phones run Android 9 Pie – the 6T out the box, and the 6 is receiving updates globally. OnePlus’s version of Android is pleasingly clean and not much is changed, Unlike on the Pixel 3, you can choose to use the old-style Android navigation buttons, Pie’s new gesture system or even OnePlus’ own gestures that are a tad different.
We like the simple app drawer and level of customisation you can make to a OnePlus phone – it works well whether you’re an Android newbie or a seasoned enthusiast.
VerdictYou may find that if you are looking to buy one of these phones that you have to go for the OnePlus 6T as OnePlus no longer sells the 6.
If you already have the 6 and are looking to upgrade, you probably don’t need to. The only difference is a bigger battery, slightly larger screen and an in-screen fingerprint sensor.
Otherwise you should wait for the next big change in OnePlus design that will probably come just six months after the 6T.
Related stories for further reading Specs OnePlus 6T: Specs
Android 9 Pie with OxygenOS
6.41in 19.5:9 2340 x 1080p OLED, 402ppi
In-screen fingerprint sensor with biometric support
Qualcomm Snapdragon 845
6/8GB RAM
128/256GB storage
16Mp and 20Mp rear cameras, f/1.7, support for 4K video at 60fps
16Mp front camera, f/2.0
Bluetooth 5.0
4G LTE (Cat 16)
Dual nano-SIM
GPS
NFC
3700mAh battery: 157.5 x 74.8 x 8.2mm
185g
Iem Vs Earbuds: What’S The Difference?
Thomas Triggs / Android Authority
The headphone market is a forever-changing and difficult place to navigate. In addition to over-ear headphones and true wireless earbuds, in-ear monitors (IEMs) are becoming an increasingly popular choice. With our ears bombarded by the cacophony of modern life, it makes sense that people are eager to isolate their music.
However, it’s confusing that IEMs and earbuds share a lot of similar features. It’s for that reason that some earbuds are now billed as IEMs, and vice-versa. It’s understandable. They look exceptionally alike and are small enough to store in your pocket. They both also prioritize noise cancelation and rest closely in the ear. On the surface, in-ear monitors and earbuds appear exceptionally similar. In order to truly realize the difference between IEM vs earbuds, you have to delve a little deeper into the details.
What are IEMs?
Thomas Triggs / Android Authority
Generally speaking, IEMs are earphones designed primarily for use within studio and live entertainment settings. In-ear monitors come in all shapes and sizes. Wired IEMs are most common and tend to be more affordable, while wireless versions are more expensive and require an external receiver. IEMs also come in two different designs — universals and custom in-ear monitors (CIEMs). Universals are a fixed shape and usually come with silicon or foam ear tips. This type is most similar to conventional earbuds, as their generic shape will fit most people’s ears. They also tend to be more affordable than CIEMs. That’s because CIEMs require a trip to an audiologist to take a cast of your inner ears. Despite the added cost, they’re much more effective at creating a seal between your eardrums and the outside world. This prevents excessive environmental sound from disrupting the audio feed.
CIEMs are more expensive than universal IEMs and also require a trip to an audiologist to take a cast of your inner ears.
Their bespoke design means that CIEMs rest more securely in your ears than universals, preventing drop-outs. This is especially welcome for performers, who generally need to move around a lot on stage. They also provide a flatter frequency response than consumer earbuds. That’s helpful, as IEM users can hear an accurate representation of the audio feed being put through them. Not only that, but performers can communicate with a sound engineer without unwanted noises interrupting their signal.
IEMs vs Earbuds: What’s the difference?
Thomas Triggs / Android Authority
Comfort Noise isolationIEMs provide passive noise isolation, while true wireless earbuds use battery power to support ANC.
The Samsung Galaxy Buds Pro 2, for example, are exceptionally good at registering low-frequency drones effectively mute. ANC-capable buds also benefit from transparency mode, which means you don’t have to remove your buds to hear the outside world. However, if you want to experience a truly immersive soundscape, look no further than CIEMs. Securing a snug fit with your earbuds or IEMs is the best way to cancel out unwanted sounds. CIEMs are champions at passive noise cancelation, offering users a truly isolated sound environment.
Sound qualityIEMs use a variety of different audio drivers compared to earbuds. Budget IEMs often host just a single driver in each ear, while more expensive models can have as many as 18 per ear. When a single driver produces sound across a wide range of frequencies, the audio signal can become muddy. Having multiple frequency-specific drivers in each ear can vastly improve the definition of bass, middle, and treble frequencies.
Dynamic drivers are the most common and cost-effective driver type. They produce good-sounding audio without the need for an external amplifier. However, those seeking high-res audio might want IEMs that use balanced armature drivers. These power a tiny vibrating magnetic reed that transmits electrical signals onto a stiff aluminum diaphragm. This keeps the audio band free from unwanted resonance with little-to-no noise.
Frequency range
The main difference between IEMs and earbuds often boils down to frequency response. IEMs are often billed as having a “truer sound.” This means there is little-to-no post-processing to emphasize bass, middle or treble frequencies. While that may be true for some IEMs, it isn’t the case for all. Furthermore, lots of commercial earbuds have exceptionally flat frequency responses. The Apple AirPods Pro 2nd Gen, for example, has a frequency curve similar to the Sennheiser IE 600, IE 900, and Shure SE215. In some instances, Apple AirPods Pro 2nd Gen perform closer to SoundGuys’ desired studio curve than all three IEMs.
IEMs are often billed with having a truer frequency response than earbuds, but that isn’t always the case.
That said, lots of earbuds do apply post-processing to enhance a user’s audio experience. Samsung Galaxy Buds Pro 2 and Sony WF-1000XM4, for example, boost low-end frequencies below 500Hz. This is historically true for exercise buds too, where low drones are an unwelcome distraction from your workout. Bass boosting offers lots of benefits, provided it isn’t totally overpowering. For example, modern music genres such as pop, rock, and dance, rely heavily on prominent bass lines. IEMs could leave everyday music fans wanting, sounding generally thinner than the audio provided by earbuds.
CostThe range in price between IEMs and earbuds can be vast. A budget pair of ZSN Pro X IEMs will set you back a mere ~$30, while CIEMs can cost anywhere between $300 and $2,000. That compares to commercial earbuds, such as Apple Airpods Pro Gen 2, which cost roughly $249.
However, cost doesn’t always dictate quality. ZSN Pro X IEMs are considered excellent value for money, albeit with a slightly large emphasis in the treble frequency range. Budget IEMs could therefore serve as a noise canceling alternative to traditional wired headphones. Wireless buds are usually more expensive than their wired counterparts due to all of the extra features, including ANC, that you receive. CIEMs are likely the most expensive choice simply because they’re tailor-made and require a trip to an audiologist. These appointments often include a consultation, ear-cleansing, and hearing test, which further adds to the cost.
Should you get in-ear monitors?
Thomas Triggs / Android Authority
Generally speaking, IEMs are used by audio engineers, musicians, and audiophiles. This is because sound is transmitted directly into the ear, as opposed to diffusing the sound. This results in a tighter, less sibilant bass response, in addition to less disruption from unwanted noise. Their frequency curve also generally attempts to remain even so that music sounds true to its source.
Due to their large emphasis on hearing protection, performers stand to benefit the most from IEMs. Music festivals, for example, amplify audio at very high decibels. IEMs are an effective barrier between a performer’s ears and potentially harmful levels of audio. Not only that, but it’s also important for live entertainers to hear their own audio source above their music. Conventional monitor wedges work, but they do nothing to cancel out unwanted noise. Using IEMs means that performers can customize exactly what they want to hear from their audio source, while removing any sounds they don’t want.
IEM frequency curves generally attempt to remain even so that music sounds true to it’s source.
When it comes to IEMs vs earbuds battle, most people would likely choose the convenience and features offered by wireless buds. ANC, spatial audio, voice assistant, Bluetooth multipoint, and hands-free phone calls all make our everyday audio experiences easier. On the other hand, IEMs come with little-to-no additional luxuries. They may offer high-res audio, but most people won’t benefit from using IEMs. Music streaming services are consumers’ first point of call for on-the-go listening. Given that Spotify’s standard audio streams at 96kbps, most people won’t benefit from owning a high-res set of IEMs. Budget earbuds will likely be more than good enough for most.
Wireless IEMs used for live performance transmit audio data via radio frequencies instead of over Bluetooth. However, Bluetooth adapters, such as the CCA BTX, can be used in conjunction with IEMs to connect to Bluetooth devices.
AirPods are earbuds, not IEMs. The definition of “in-ear monitors” dictates that monitor speakers, which provide a flat frequency response, should sit specifically inside the ear canal.
IEMs boast a wider array of high-quality audio drivers than earbuds. They’re also usually well-built using silicon or resin and can be custom-made for a specific individual.
Generally speaking, you do not need a DAC in order to use IEMs. In some instances, the additional power of a DAC will actually introduce distortion into your signal. The only real benefit of using a DAC is if the impedance of your IEMs is causing issues with volume.
Only so far so as to feel snug, secure, and comfortable. There shouldn’t be any pain or discomfort when your IEMs are resting in your ears, and you should never forcefully insert them. If you’re struggling to attain good isolation, try changing the size of the ear tips.
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