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Introduction to PostgreSQL Subquery

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Syntax 1. With a select statement Select column_name1, .., column_nameN From table_name1 [, table_name2] Where column_name operator Select column_name from table_name1 [, table_name2] [Where] condition) 2. With Insert statement INSERT INTO table_name [ (column_name1 [, column_name2 ]) ] FROM table_name1 [, table_name2] [WHERE VALUE OPERATOR] 3. With update statement UPDATE table_name SET column_name = new_value [WHERE OPERATOR [VALUE] (SELECT COLUMN_NAME FROM TABLE_NAME) [WHERE) ] 4. With delete statement DELETE FROM TABLE_NAME [ WHERE OPERATOR [ VALUE ] (SELECT COLUMN_NAME FROM TABLE_NAME) [ WHERE) ]

Below is the parameter description of the above syntax as follows.

Select – Used to select the statement.

Column_name1 to column_nameN – It specifies the Column name.

From – You use the “From” clause to retrieve data from the chosen table.

TABLE_NAME – Used to specify the Table name.

Where condition – Where condition specified to fetch data per the query described to fetch the data.

Insert – Used to Insert statement.

Delete – Used to Delete statement.

Update – Used to Update statement.

Working of PostgreSQL Subquery

Below is the working as follows.

A nested subquery, also known as an inner query, is what this refers to.

We have used the PostgreSQL subquery to select, insert, update, and delete statements.

It’s important to note that when working with PostgreSQL, you cannot use a subquery between operators with another subquery. However, you can use it within the Subquery itself.

Enclose it with parentheses.

We have used only one column in the select clause and multiple columns in the main query to compare it with the selected columns. Subqueries in PostgreSQL do not support the use of the “Order by” clause, but they can still be utilized in the main query.

Instead of the order by, we have used group by to perform the same operation as order by.

It will return more than one row.

You can use a subquery to return data that serves as a condition to restrict further the data retrieved by the main query.

Types of PostgreSQL Subquery

Below is the type as follows. We have used Employee_test1 and Employee_test2 tables to describe types.

1. Table1 – Employee_test1 CREATE TABLE Employee_Test1 ( emp_id INT NOT NULL, emp_name character(10) NOT NULL, emp_address character(20) NOT NULL, emp_phone character(14), emp_salary INT NOT NULL, date_of_joining date NOT NULL);

INSERT INTO Employee_Test1 (emp_id, emp_name, emp_address, emp_phone, emp_salary, date_of_joining) VALUES (1, 'ABC', 'Pune', '1234567890', 20000, '01-01-2023');

INSERT INTO Employee_Test1 (emp_id, emp_name, emp_address, emp_phone, emp_salary, date_of_joining) VALUES (2, 'PQR', 'Pune', '1234567890', 20000, '01-01-2023');

INSERT INTO Employee_Test1 (emp_id, emp_name, emp_address, emp_phone, emp_salary, date_of_joining) VALUES (3, 'XYZ', 'Mumbai', '1234567890', 35000, '02-01-2023');

INSERT INTO Employee_Test1 (emp_id, emp_name, emp_address, emp_phone, emp_salary, date_of_joining) VALUES (4, 'BBS', 'Mumbai', '1234567890', 45000, '02-01-2023');

INSERT INTO Employee_Test1 (emp_id, emp_name, emp_address, emp_phone, emp_salary, date_of_joining) VALUES (5, 'RBS', 'Delhi', '1234567890', 50000, '03-01-2023');

select * from Employee_Test1;

2. Table2 – Employee_test2 CREATE TABLE Employee_Test2 ( emp_id INT NOT NULL, emp_name character(10) NOT NULL, emp_address character(20) NOT NULL, emp_phone character(14), emp_salary INT NOT NULL, date_of_joining date NOT NULL);

INSERT INTO Employee_Test2 (emp_id, emp_name, emp_address, emp_phone, emp_salary, date_of_joining) VALUES (1, 'PQR', 'Pune', '1234567890', 20000, '01-01-2023');

INSERT INTO Employee_Test2 (emp_id, emp_name, emp_address, emp_phone, emp_salary, date_of_joining) VALUES (2, 'XYZ', 'Mumbai', '1234567890', 35000, '02-01-2023');

INSERT INTO Employee_Test2 (emp_id, emp_name, emp_address, emp_phone, emp_salary, date_of_joining) VALUES (3, 'BBS', 'Mumbai', '1234567890', 45000, '02-01-2023');

INSERT INTO Employee_Test2 (emp_id, emp_name, emp_address, emp_phone, emp_salary, date_of_joining) VALUES (4, 'RBS', 'Delhi', '1234567890', 50000, '03-01-2023');

INSERT INTO Employee_Test2 (emp_id, emp_name, emp_address, emp_phone, emp_salary, date_of_joining) VALUES (6, 'ABC', 'Pune', '1234567890', 20000, '01-01-2023');

select * from Employee_test2;

Subqueries with the SELECT Statement

 Below is the example of the Subqueries with the SELECT Statement as follows.

Subqueries with the INSERT Statement

 Below is the example of the Subqueries with the INSERT Statement as follows.

INSERT INTO Employee_Test1 SELECT * FROM Employee_Test2 WHERE EMP_ID IN (SELECT EMP_ID FROM Employee_Test2) ;

select * from Employee_test1;

Subqueries with the UPDATE Statement

 Below is the example of the Subqueries with the UPDATE Statement as follows.

select * from Employee_test1;

Subqueries with the DELETE Statement

 Below is the example of the Subqueries with the DELETE Statement as follows.

select * from Employee_test1;

Conclusion

A subquery in PostgreSQL is also called a nested or inner subquery. It does not use the ORDER BY clause, but the main query can use it to order the results. We used to group by clause instead of the order by clause in the PostgreSQL subquery.

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Learn The Examples Of Typescript Regex

Introduction to TypeScript RegEx

TypeScript RegEx is a Regular Expression object for matching text with some pattern. As TypeScript is also a part of JavaScript, similarly regular expressions are also the objects. TypeScript RegEx is the pattern matching standard for replacement and string parsing. These RegEx are used on various platforms and other programming environments. Since RegEx are language-independent, here, we will be discussing TypeScript RegEx. However, these Regular Expressions are now available for most of the Visual Basic and Visual Basic for Applications versions. Regular Expressions are used to find strings and replace them in a defined format. TypeScript Regular Expressions are also used to parse dates, email addresses, and urls, config files, log files, programming, or command-line scripts.

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In TypeScript, Regular Expressions or RegEx object can be done in 2 ways:

Using/ Calling a Constructor function of the Regular Expression Object.

Using a Regular Expression Literals.

Syntax:

Here in TypeScript, we use a Constructor function of the Regular Expression Object.

let regex = new  RegEx('bc*d')

Parameter: A pattern string is to be passed to the RegEx constructor object.

We can also use Literals for Regular Expressions,

let regex: RegEx = /bc*d/;

This syntax consists of any string pattern inside slashed.

Examples of TypeScript RegEx

Here are the following examples mention below

Example #1

RegEx using literals

Code:

let sampleRegEx: RegExp = /^[+ 0-9]{7}$/; console.log(sampleRegEx.test('732g')) console.log(sampleRegEx.test('453gh67')) console.log(sampleRegEx.test('2355575')) console.log(sampleRegEx.test('7878734')) console.log(sampleRegEx.test('423%^')) console.log(sampleRegEx.test('abcdefg')) console.log(sampleRegEx.test('@#$$#%5'))

Output:

Expression pattern [0-9] represents that the matching string should only contain numbers from 0 to 9 and only 7 digits are to be present in the string. Based on these conditions, the string checks with the expression and returns a Boolean value as true or false.

Example #2

RegEx matching for Email Address using RegEx constructor Object.

Code:

Output:

Example #3

Replacing string value with TypeScript RegEx

Code:

var regex = /apple/gi; var regexStr = "oranges are jucier than apple"; var newStr = regexStr.replace(regex, "mosambi");

Output:

Here, regex has a pattern ‘apple’. TypeScript Regex searches for the string ‘apple’ and replaces it with ‘mosambi’ using the string replace method and prints the complete string.

Let us get deeper on how to actually write a Regular Expression,

A TypeScript Regular Expression consists of simple characters as such, inside slashes / /. Expression such as /abcd/ or something which involves combination of special characters like /ab+c/ or complex expressions like /[a-z]+.%$d*/.

Simple patterns are constructed of characters to find a match directly. In example 3, we had directly searched for the word ‘apple’ and replaced using the word ‘mosambi’. Such matches will be useful to search for a word, replace it, or search for a substring. Even ‘space’ counts here. There is a lot of difference between the word ‘EducbaWebsite’ and ‘Educba Website’ if we search for the expression ‘ba W’.

Coming to Special characters, when a user searches for something more than a direct match like finding more than one g’s or finding digit 5 or any special character in the pattern. For example, Finding a single r followed by zero or more a followed by a digit, the pattern looks something like this; /ra*5/ Here * refers to zero or more a’s i.e the preceding item in the pattern.

Escaping: Used for Special Characters, If the user wants to have any kind of special characters in his pattern, the user needs to escape it by using a backslash in front of a special character. For example, to search for r followed by ^ and then at, backslash ‘’ will be used to ‘escape’ ‘^’ making it a literal instead of a special character. Pattern looks as, /r^t/

There is one more method to discuss in TypeScript RegEx, which is exec, this is used to search for a match in the specific string, returning the result of an array or a null. TypeScript RegEx objects are stateful when expressions have a global or a sticky flag set. Using exec, the user can loop over multiple matches in the input text.

Syntactically written as, regex.exec(string)

The string is the parameter passed to match the mentioned Regular Expression or the pattern. If there is a match found, exec() is a method that returns an array along with the index and the input text by further updating the last index of the object. If the matched text fails, the exec() returns null and the last index of the object is set to 0.

Example #4

TypeScript RegEx.exec()

Code:

const regexExec = RegExp('edu*', 'g'); const string = 'tutorial from educba, in the hindu education'; let arr; while ((arr = regexExec.exec(string)) !== null) { console.log(`Found ${arr[0]}, indexed at ${regexExec.lastIndex}.`); }

Output:

Here we searched for string ‘edu’ globally in the string above. Have declared a while condition saying if .exec(string) is not null, then return the index of the pattern found and set the last index.

Conclusion

With this, we conclude our topic ‘TypeScript RegEx’. We have seen what is TypeScript RegEx or also known as Regular Expression. We have seen how the syntax is and how it works, pulled out a few examples using both the literal method and the constructor object method in a way that will be understandable to all of you. Also have seen what are the types of expressions, Special character escaping, global object, and many more. Thanks! Happy Learning!!

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Learn The Examples Of The Load() Method

Introduction to jQuery load()

The load() method of jQuery is used to get data from the server and place the HTML or text response in an element in the DOM. So, basically, it is a combination of two conventional methods of most scripting languages – the global get method and the respective methods to get the element in DOM and set their contents. If the element selector does not correspond to any element in the DOM, the load method is not called.

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NOTE: Prior to jQuery v3.0, there was an event handler in jQuery by the name of the load. Whether the event handler would be invoked or the method was determined at run time based on the number of arguments passed. Post jQuery v3.0, the event handler has been deprecated, and we now only have the load() method to get data from the server and modify the contents of DOM elements with the response.

Syntax of load() Method

The syntax of the load() method has three variants based on the number of optional parameters passed to the method.

The basic and the most elementary syntax is as follows:

Here data is sent along with the request object to the server. This is useful in cases when your server expects some data or some parameters along with the request object. A simple example would be the id of the person whose details are requested from the server.

Then there is the third syntax which includes a callback function:

Here complete is the callback function, which is called when the request to the server is completed. A request to the server is considered complete post the receipt of the response and the DOM manipulation of the element. A very important point to note here is that this callback function is called once for every element in the selector.

NOTE: If data is sent along with the request, the POST method is used by jQuery. If not, the GET method is assumed.

How does the load Method Work?

Let’s see behind the scenes of the load method.

Step 1 – It begins with finding the element in the DOM.

Step 2 – If the element is found, the next step is to send an AJAX request to the server at the specified url. An AJAX is an Asynchronous JavaScript and XML call. Since they are asynchronous, they do need a page refresh.

Step 3 – Once the response is received from the server, the next step is to insert the DOM element’s response. jQuery uses the browser’s innerHTML property to manipulate the contents of the element.

Step 4 – Now is the time to execute any callback functions, if present.

Examples of jQuery load()

Let us look at some of the examples of the load() method.

NOTE: Throughout the examples in this article, we would be using the browsers’ developer console. Simply open the browser developer tools (Ctrl/Cmd + Shift + C) and go to the Console tab in the developer tools window.

It looks like this in Chrome:

This is the playground for most of the jQuery related concepts. We would be using this playground throughout this article.

Next, we identify the element we would like to modify the contents of. Let’s modify the complete body of the page. From the Elements tab in the developer window, you would see that the element is this:

This element is uniquely defined through an id attribute bodyContent. We would use this id as a selector.

NOTE: Keep in mind that the attribute values are case sensitive – bodyContent is not the same as bodycontent.

Now, we would fetch data from Wikipedia’s JavaScript page and insert it into the jQuery page’s content. Go to the console tab and type the following command:

As you press enter, notice that the jQuery page’s entire content now has JavaScript page’s content.

Ignore the error – this is because our experiment resulted in implementing one object model more than once, which caused Wikipedia’s code to throw an error. Next, go back to the Elements tab and search for the bodyContent element again.

Notice the change in the entire HTML content of the element. It now looks like this:

You could also display an alert when the entire operation is successful through the load method’s complete function parameter. Go back to the console tab and type the following command:

alert(“Okay!!!”); }); Elements of load Method

The load() method of jQuery fetches HTML from the URL and uses the returned HTML to fill the selected elements; let’s look at a few elements.

Loading Page Fragments

The load() method also allows us to load a fragment of the content instead of the entire content. Let’s see how to do this.

Go ahead and give it a try to see the results for yourself. Also, go to the JavaScript page and search for the element by the id History. Verify whether the results are indeed accurate.

So what happened here? jQuery did load the entire contents of the url but parsed it to find the element suffixing the url and inserted only the element’s innerHTML contents into the destination element in the DOM.

Executing Scripts

There is a fundamental difference between when jQuery implements the load method with a selector appended to the url and without a selector appended to the url.

In the former case, the scripts from the url are executed. Whereas in the latter case, the scripts are omitted. Thus,

Conclusion – jQuery load()

So, we have covered the load() function of jQuery in this article. We have understood how the load method works behind the scenes and in-depth as well. It is recommended to practice the method more with different kinds of data. This will help you get a better understanding of how the function works.

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Learn The Concept Of Hdfs Ls With Examples

Introduction to HDFS ls

In the Hadoop stack, we are having the HDFS service to manage the complete storage part of the Hadoop. We can use the multiple combinations of command with it. The Hadoop ls command is useful to list out the files which are available on the HDFS path or the location. We can use the different option with the ls command. As per the requirement, we can use the different options with the ls command. The ls command has come under the file system of the HDFS service. The ls command supports the HDFS file system as well they are also supporting the S3 FS, Web HDFS, Local FS, etc.

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Syntax of the HDFS ls

1. Hadoop: We can use the Hadoop keyword in the syntax or command. It will take the different arguments as an option and command. As the result, we can list out the number of files on the Hadoop HDFS level.

2. fs: In the HDFS ls command comes under the file system type. Hence we need to define the fs as the file system in the Hadoop ls command.

4. Path: As per the requirement, we can define the hdfs path to list out the number of files.

How HDFS ls Works?

As we have discussed, in the Hadoop environment we are having multiple components or services. The Hadoop ls command deals with the Hadoop HDFS service. To work with the Hadoop ls command, we can trigger the command in different ways like hdfs shell, Hue UI, Zeppelin UI, third party application tools, etc.

The Hadoop ls command will trigger from the hdfs shell windows or any other tool. The hdfs compiler will validate the command first. If the command is valid then it will pass for the further process or it will through an error message. Once the command will valid then the request goes to the hdfs namenode. The namenode having detailed information on the hdfs block. It will check the request if the block information is available or not. If the block information is available then it will give the necessary output. If the block information is not present then it will through an error message.

Below are the lists of options that are compatible with the Hadoop ls command.

-C: It will print or display the HDFS paths of files and directories only.

-d: It will help to print the directories as plain files.

-h: It will format the file size in a human-readable way

Ex: If the size is print as 67108864 with the help of the -h option it will print 64 m.

-q: It will help to display or print? instead of non-printable characters.

-R: It will print the list of files recursively in the subdirectories encounter.

-t: It will help to sort the files by modification time. It will print the files with the most recent modified or updated.

-S: It will print the output by file as per the size.

-r: It will help to reverse the sort order.

-u: It will list out the files as per the access time rather than modification time for the sorting and display.

-e: It will help to display the erasure coding policy of directories and files only.

Example for the HDFS ls

Here are the follwoing examples mention below

Hadoop ls Command

In the Hadoop environment, the HDFS ls command is very common. It is using very widely. It will help us to list out the number of files on the HDFS level.

Syntax:

hadoop fs -ls /

As per the above command, we are getting the list of files on the “/” HDFS level. It will only list the number of directories on the root HDFS level. It will also give the information of user and group permission.

Output: 

HDFS ls: Get List HDFS Directory Only

In Hadoop, we can list out the number of the directory with the directory name only. It will not print the permission and user group information.

Syntax:

hadoop fs -ls -C /

Explanation:

As per the above command, we are using the -C option. It will help to list out the HDFS directory only. It will not print the user permission status of the HDFS directories.

Output:

HDFS ls: Get Specific Directory

In the Hadoop ls command, we are having the functionality to print the specific directory only. It will not print any other directory.

Hadoop fs -ls -d /warehouse/

Explanation :

As per the above command, we are using the -d option with the Hadoop ls command. It will help to print the warehouse directory only. This type of command will help in the shell or application job level.

Output:

HDFS ls: List the Number of File’s in Recursively Manner

As per the default nature of the Hadoop ls command, we can print the number of files in the current working directory. But if we need to print the number of files recursively, we can also do that with the help of the “-R” option.

Syntax:

hadoop fs -ls -R /warehouse/tablespace/external/hive/

Explanation:

As per the above command, we are listing the number of the file from the “/warehouse/tablespace/external/hive/” location. To get all the files in a single shot, we are using the “-R” option with the Hadoop ls command.

Output:

Conclusion

We have seen the uncut concept of “HDFS ls” with the proper example, explanation, and output. The HDFS ls are very important in terms of the Hadoop environment. As per the requirement, we can list out the number of files recursively with different options like size, modification, human-readable format, etc.

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Complete Guide To Postgresql Blob With Examples

Introduction to PostgreSQL blob

PostgreSQL blob data type is defined as binary large object, basically blob data type is not available in PostgreSQL instead of blob we have using bytea data type. Blob data type in PostgreSQL is basically used to store the binary data such as content of file in PostgreSQL. The storage size of blob data type in PostgreSQL is 1 to 4 bytes plus the string of actual binary, input format of blob data type is different in PostgreSQL.

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Syntax 

Below is the syntax :

Create table name_of_table (name_of_column1 data_type, name_of_column2 data_type, name_of_column3 data_type, …, name_of_columnN bytea); Name_of_variable or name_of_column bytea; Alter table name_of_tableadd columnname_of_column bytea;

Below is the parameter description syntax of blob/bytea data type in PostgreSQL:

Create table:  We create a table in PostgreSQL by using the “CREATE TABLE” statement and define the column with the data type “BYTEA”. We can create any table and defining data type as bytea to the column.

Name of table:  When creating a table in PostgreSQL, we define the name of the table and assign the “BYTEA” data type to the column. We can define bytea data type to the column at the time of table creation. Also, we are defining the data type as bytea after table creation using alter command.

Name of column 1 to name of column N: This is defined as create a column on the table and defined bytea data type for the same.

Data type: When creating a table in PostgreSQL, we assign the data type to the table column. We can define data type as per which data we are storing into the table.

blob/bytea: The data type “BLOB”/”BYTEA” is specified when creating the column in the table. We store the binary data or file into the table using the blob data type.

Name of variable: This is nothing but the column name which we used at the time of table creation.

Alter table: We use the ALTER TABLE command in PostgreSQL to modify a table. With the ALTER command, we can change the data type of a column from one type to another.

Add column: We use the ADD COLUMN command in PostgreSQL to add a new column to a table. In this case, we are adding a new column and defining its data type as BLOB/BYTEA.

How blob Data Type works in PostgreSQL?

From PostgreSQL 7.2 version, we can store binary type of data into a table by using the bytea data type.

The blob data type’s storage size is 1 to 4 bytes, but it depends on the string used at the time of insertion.

For inserting data into the blob column, we need to create a function first. After creating the function, we call the same and restore data into the table.

PostgreSQL supports the binary data type, but we need to be careful while using the same.

At the time of insertion SQL statement in the blob data type column, we need to have a binary string with the values. Also, we have to escape some characters from the binary string as per the rules provided in PostgreSQL.

In PostgreSQL, binary strings can be divided into character strings in two ways. PostgreSQL bytea supports two external format for output and input.

Output format of bytea data type depends on the configuration parameter, the default value of bytea data type parameter is hex in PostgreSQL.

There is no specific data type of blob available in PostgreSQL; instead of a blob, we are using a bytea data type.

Example:

Below example shows that we are using bytea data type instead of blob data type in PostgreSQL.

Code:

create table test_blob (text_blob blob, id int, address varchar, phone int); create table test_blob (text_blob bytea, id int, address varchar, phone int); d+ test_blob;

Output:

In the above example, we have used the blob data type at the time of table creation, but it will issue an error that the blob data type does not exist.

In the second example, instead of a blob, we have used bytea data type, using bytea data type, we have created a table. Using bytea data type, we can restore binary type data in PostgreSQL.

Examples

Given below are the examples mentioned :

Example #1

Create a table by using blob/bytea data type.

Below example shows that create a table using blob/bytea data type.

We have defined bytea data type to blob_test column.

Code:

create table test_blob1 (blob_test bytea, id int, address varchar, phone int, name varchar); d+ test_blob1

Output:

Example #2

Create a table by defining blob/bytea data type on multiple column.

Below example shows that create a table by using blob/bytea data type on multiple column.

We have defined bytea data type to blob_test, blob_test1, and blob_test2 column.

Code:

create table test_blob2 (blob_test bytea, blob_test1 bytea, blob_test2 bytea,id int, address varchar, phone int, name varchar); d+ test_blob2

Example #3

Add a new column and define the data type as blob/bytea.

Below example shows that add a new column and define the data type as blob/bytea.

In the below example, we are adding the column name as blob_test1 and defining the data type as blob/bytea for the same.

Code:

Alter table test_blob1 ADD COLUMN blob_test1 bytea; d+ test_blob1;

Output:

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Learn How @Bottom Works In Css With Examples

Introduction to CSS @bottom

CSS Bottom is defined as the bottom property specifies the vertical position of an element added with the position property. It gives the offset at the bottom edge of the reference elements box in any browser window, an element that is altered from the bottom of the viewport. The bottom property does not affect the static position. In this topic, we are going to learn about CSS @bottom.

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Syntax and Parameters

Here is the general Syntax as follows:

.container { bottom: value; }

Parameters

length: The value specified in px or em, either negative or positive values

percentage: This value specifies the percentage of the box element height.

auto: It’s a default value and treats height as a value.

inherit: This value inherits its parent container value.

sample example

bottom: 4px         /* length */ bottom: 1.4em bottom: 20%         / *<percentages */ bottom: auto bottom: inherit

When a value is assigned a positive and negative value moves towards it, the element moves away from a given side. For instance, if the bottom: -15 px, This sets the paragraph below the bottom edge of a window.

How @bottom works in CSS?

Let’s see how this property works by its effect on different positioned elements.

Relatively positioned: When the position is set to this property, the bottom adds a respective offset to the bottom edge, which moves its position from its original form to its top. Generally, a top property overrides the bottom property in many aspects. An offset based on the bottom values is applied to the element itself.

Absolute position: With this, the element would move toward the nearest parent. Understanding this example is given in the next section.

Static: This is the default value and does not affect any element.

In the case of JavaScript, the Syntax given as follows

Object.style.bottom="50px"; Examples

Let’s see how this bottom property works in action with an example:

Example #1

Let’s take an example – the effect on the absolute property.

Code:

p { width: 220px; position: absolute; bottom: 100px; padding: 22px; font: bold 16px algerian; background: LightBlue; } h1 { color : red; }

Output:

Example #1a

We can place an image in the bottom property with the same pattern.

Code:

img { position:absolute; bottom:0px } h1 { color: aqua; }

Output:

Example #2

With a position set to relative and using the value ‘Length’.

Code:

div.square { width: 12rem; height: 12rem; display: flex; justify-content: center; align-items: center; background-color: solid purple; position: relative; bottom: 60px; } div.outborder { display: inline-block; border: 3px dashed yellow; margin: 30px 0 1 30px; }

When a bottom is set on the element with respect to the relative position, the element moves up from the original placement of the document. Assigning the bottom to 60px, it shift its positions to the top.

Output:

Example #3

Setting a default value for the bottom property.

Code:

This property makes a paragraph content to be auto adjusted from the margin of bottom page.

Output:

Example #4

Code:

CSS bottom Property- Demo div{ position: relative; width: 100px; height: 110px; font-size: 20px; } #length { bottom: -100px; border: 4px solid purple; } #emvalue { bottom: -20em; border: 4px solid aqua; } #autovalue { bottom: auto; border: 4px solid darkviolet; } #initdefault{ bottom: initial; border: 7px solid yellow ; } h1{ text-align: center; }

Output:

Example #5

An example is demonstrating the bottom property on the Static element.

Code:

.main-b { position: static; right: 20px; bottom: -20px; background-color: blue; padding: 12px; } .derived-b { padding: 12px; background-color: Orange; } inner element. the main element. SUb-element.

The code above shows static in which if I had happened to change the value of the right, bottom we could see the unchanged output.

Output:

Example #6

Code:

div { font-family: Algeria; font-size: 22px; } .A { border: 12px solid yellow; position: relative; } div.abc, chúng tôi { background-color: red; border: 2px solid orange; } div.abc { bottom: 15%; position: absolute; } div.xyz { bottom: 0; position: absolute; }

Output:

Conclusion

Therefore, coming to an end, this CSS article explains how to use the Property called Bottom with their working and examples. Here we have seen a well-organized explanation with many examples of how to use this in CSS. This property, along with attributes like left-right, helps to display exact positions.

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