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The Universe is dying – across all wavelengths

While it’s been widely accepted that the Universe is slowly fading since the late 1990s, a study published today shows the great extent to which its death is occurring. “The Universe has basically sat down on the soft, pulled up a blanket, and is about to nod off for an eternal doze,” suggested Simon Driver of ICRAR, lead author on the study. Measurements of energy output of each of 200,000 galaxies has been done at 21 wavelengths, from far infrared back down to ultraviolet. As broad a wavelength range as possible was studied by researchers who’ve now concluded that, yes, the Universe is indeed fading out.

This research was done as part of the largest multi-wavelength study ever created: the Galaxy And Mass Assembly (GAMA) project. While the dataset put together so far will help scientists further understand the genesis of galaxies of all sorts, the conclusion first and foremost is that the energy produced in their studied section of the universe is “only about half” of what it was around 2-billion years ago.

ABOVE: This composite picture shows how a typical galaxy appears at different wavelengths in the GAMA survey. CREDIT: ICRAR/GAMA and ESO

“While most of the energy sloshing around in the Universe arose in the aftermath of the Big Bang,” said Driver, “additional energy is constantly being generated by stars as they fuse elements like hydrogen and helium together.”

“This new energy is either absorbed by dust as it travels through the host galaxy, or escapes into intergalactic space and travels until it hits something, such as another star, a planet, or, very occasionally, a telescope mirror.”

ABOVE: The Galaxy and Mass Assembly catalogue is a detailed map of the Universe showing where galaxies are in 3D. This simulated fly-through shows the real positions and images of the galaxies that have been mapped so far. Distances are to scale, but the galaxy images have been enlarged for your viewing pleasure. CREDIT: Made by Will Parr, Dr. Mark Swinbank and Dr. Peder Norberg (Durham University) using data from the SDSS and the GAMA surveys. This work was supported by the Ogden Trust, STFC and the Royal Society. Music composed and created by Holly Broadbent

This study was done with several of the most powerful telescopes from around the world, both on the surface of our planet and up in our planet’s orbit. Included were NASA’s GALEX and WISE telescopes and the ESA’s Herschel, all in orbit around Earth. On the ground were the ESO’s VISTA (pictured below, courtesy of the ESA) and VST survey telescopes housed at the Paranal Observatory in Chile.

A new telescope is being built right this minute which the team hopes to use to continue their studies. This is the the Square Kolometre Array, a telescope being built in Australia and South Africa over the next 10 years, set to be the world’s largest radio telescope when completed.

You can learn more in the ESO-published paper “Galaxy And Mass Assembly (GAMA): Panchromatic Data Release (far-UV—far-IR) and the low-z energy budget” by authors Simon P. Driver, Angus H. Wright, Stephen K. Andrews, and a whole lot more. This paper can be found with the ESO through eso1533 — Organization Release.

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The 10 Worst Places To Live In The Universe

Recently, we told you about an exoplanet that rains glass. Sideways. Which got us thinking: 1.) we will never complain about the weather here on Earth again and 2.) surely that’s got to be the worst place to live in the entire universe. But no! With the help of NASA and Kepler astronomers and a couple physicists, we found nine additional wildly inhospitable planets. Of course, you wouldn’t survive too well anywhere in the universe that isn’t Earth, but these places would be particularly awful–places with conditions “well-matched to Dante’s visions of hell,” as physicist Steve Tufte describes one of the planets. Check out the most miserable planets in the universe.

Venus

Venus is very close to Earth in distance (between 24 and 162 million miles away) and in size (it’s about 95% of Earth’s size), and prior to the 20th century, scientists thought it could be home to life. In reality, as physicist Steve Tufte puts it, Venus has conditions “well-matched to Dante’s visions of hell.” The planet has more volcanoes than any other planet in our solar system and much of its surface is covered in lava. The surface pressure is equivalent to being more than half a mile underwater (which would about triple the deepest dive ever), and its temperature averages more than 730 K (hot enough to melt lead). On top of all that, the planet is surrounded by a thick cloud of sulfuric acid, which would really, really suck, and its atmosphere is 96 percent carbon dioxide. Conditions on Venus are hypothesized to be a direct result of a runaway greenhouse effect, in which the self-regulating carbon cycle spirals out of control. Billions of years ago, scientists believe, temperatures rose enough on Venus that water evaporated. Water vapor is a greenhouse gas, and so as more water evaporated, the planet only got hotter. Once a certain threshold was broken, it became a “runaway effect,” where the self-regulating system fails. The result is the dreadful conditions for life we see on Venus today.

COROT-7b

When it rains on COROT-7b, it rains rocks. ‘Nuff said? Well, it gets worse: COROT-7b, which is 489 light-years from Earth and about 1.5 times our size, is estimated to be around 2,800 K (that’s 4,580 degrees F); the exoplanet is so close to its star that its year lasts only 20 hours on Earth; and its surface is probably a welcoming mixture of volcanoes, lava, and rocks. Okay, ’nuff said.

TrES-2b

This planet is about 750 light-years away, and is basically a demon planet. Not much is known about it aside from the fact that it’s the darkest exoplanet discovered to date: blacker than coal, it reflects less than 1 percent of light. Astronomers aren’t entirely sure what accounts for its darkness, but it could be that it lacks reflective clouds or has light-absorbing chemicals in its atmosphere. The fact that it’s so dark doesn’t mean it’s cold, though — in fact, what little light it does emit has a faint red glow like a hot electric stove, and its temperature is estimated to be around 1,255 K (1,800 degrees F).

WASP-12b

WASP-12b, 1,100 light-years from Earth, is being slowly pulled apart by its star. In fact, it orbits so close that its tidal forces are pulling away its upper atmosphere at a rate of nearly 200 quadrillion tons each year, turning it into an egg-shaped ball of super-hot carbon. Planetary scientist James Lissauer suspects that deep below the turbulent shield, this Jupiter-sized planet might contain rocks made of graphite or even diamond.

Kepler-16b

Watching a sunset on this cold, Saturn-size gas giant 200 light-years away from our solar system, you might think you were seeing double. That’s because every 229 days, Kepler-16b orbits two stars. But this “Tatooine-like” planet is far less hospitable than its oasis-like relative of Star Wars fame. At -120 degrees F, it’s too cold to sustain life, but research done last year suggests that one of its moons–if it even has one–could be capable of maintaining an Earthlike atmosphere.

Kepler-10b

If you spent the night on Kepler-10b (560 light-years away), you’d wake up a year older. That’s because the 2,800-degree F planet orbits its star every 20 hours. This rocky super-Earth (so called because it’s about 1.4 times the size of our little blue marble and nearly five times as dense) is thought to have a surface of molten lava hot enough to melt iron.

CFBDSIR2149

CFBDSIR2149, discovered in late 2012 100 light-years away, is just a sad planet. Its story is even sadder than Pluto’s. First, its name: pure gobbledegook. But much worse is the fact that scientists believe it to be either a brown dwarf or a rogue planet. If it’s a brown dwarf, it means it was supposed to be a star, but failed: due to low mass, its core never got nuclear fusion going. If it’s a rogue or “orphan” planet, it means that it formed as a normal planet around a star, was somehow ejected from its orbit, and now roams the unforgiving universe. If that isn’t enough to make it a poor place to settle down, it’s estimated to be about 700 K, or about 800 degrees F. At least CFBDSIR2149 can claim to be the most literal planet. The word “planet” comes from the greek “planētēs,” which means wandering star.

Kepler-7b

Nicknamed the Styrofoam planet, this ball of hot hydrogen and helium is 1.5 times bigger than Jupiter but less than half of its mass. It also has an albedo of 0.38, meaning it reflects so much light that the NASA scientists who discovered it thought they might have made an error. “Since we began finding exoplanets, we’ve started to realize just how much diversity is out there,” said astrophysics research scientist Jean-Michel Désert. Kepler’s Michele Johnson described the planet’s blinding reflectivity and 2800-degree F average surface temperature as a “disco inferno.” But maybe you’re into that.

Kepler-13b

Living on Kepler-13b might be most like walking around inside a kiln, according to NASA planetary scientist James Lissauer, except for the fact that there’d be nothing to walk on. Like other “super-Jupiters,” as these large planets are known, Kepler-13b lacks a hard, contiguous surface. Instead, its layers are made up of hot, violently swirling layers of gas that bring its average temperature to 3,257 K (more than 5,000 degrees F), making it one of the hottest exoplanets ever discovered.

HD 189773b

HD 189773b, 63 light-years away, looks nice and Earthlike. But it’s not. It’s about 1270 K on its surface and it rains glass. Sideways. The blue color is thought to come from silicate particles in the planet’s atmosphere, which scatter blue light. Because of the planet’s surface temperature, the particles could condense to form glass. These glass grains would then fly around in the planet’s 4,000-mph wind. Ouch. Now, let’s all just take a moment to relish Earth’s relatively moderate climate.

How The Cloud Is Reshaping The Enterprise

In terms of adopting cloud technologies, the time has come to take off the training wheels.

Cloud computing is no longer the mysterious and volatile IT discipline that threatened to upend IT departments. It’s a proven way of aligning IT with rapidly-shifting business goals and market conditions, according to SAP Cloud CMO Tim Minahan.

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“The experiment of the cloud is over,” said Minahan during a talk at today’s Cloud Business Summit in New York City. “Just like any technology, it always has an adoption curve.”

Now beyond the early steps in its evolution, such as establishing delivery models, driving IT efficiency and improving total cost of ownership (TCO), cloud computing is currently resonating with CIOs and CFOs in more profound, business-oriented ways.

Arguing that the mindset has changed among businesses technology leaders, CIOs and other high-level executives “are beginning to look at the cloud as a platform for innovation,” said Minahan. The conversation is increasingly turning to establishing new engagement models with customers, employees and partners, he added. “We’re moving from those systems of record to systems of engagement, absolutely,” he said.

Informed by SAP’s own move to the cloud, Minahan said that enterprises and prospective cloud software providers go through three phases during the transformation process.

Naturally, change begins with the technology, “where you re-architect to a cloud environment, make it an accessible and multi-tenant environment,” he said. The next step involves a financial transformation, in which old financial models based on periodic milestones give way to utility-like service models “that arguably better aligns your objectives with those of the customer.”

Finally, businesses must contend with the “operational and cultural challenge” of enabling cloud services.

Businesses are being rocked by customers and stakeholders that are “more informed than ever before,” he said. They are guiding the buying process and expect self-service capabilities.

Moreover, the market is unforgiving to cloud software and service providers that drag their feet and don’t deliver solutions that keep up with their customers’ needs. “There is no shelfware in the cloud,” said Minahan. “Either someone uses it or their no longer a customer.”

Cloud computing fundamentally changes how businesses operate, at practically every level. In fact, Minahan recommends that executives mulling a move to the cloud are better off not taking the leap if their only priorities are rooted in IT efficiency, lowering TCO or “to move from a CAPEX to an OPEX model.” If this is the case then they shouldn’t even consider it. The cloud now serves as a platform to improve engagement with employees and customers, create new business models and new insights, he said.

Amid these changes, the “I” in CIO is taking on a new meaning. In the cloud computing era, CIOs have the opportunity to shift their focus from IT systems and software to “being the chief innovation officer,” said Minahan. He recommended digging deep into a company’s business processes and the objectives. “Be experts on evaluating the cloud opportunities that are there,” he said.

Pedro Hernandez is a contributing editor at Datamation. Follow him on Twitter @ecoINSITE.

Photo courtesy of Shutterstock.

Technology Is Transforming The Insurance Sector

Advanced technology and electronic programs are providing new method to quantify, control, and monitor risks. They facilitate successful engagement with clients and enhances business productivity.

All these technology supported by committed insurance policy applications are starting the market for new insurance offerings.

It’s provided an chance for top traditional insurance companies to change and reinvent themselves. What’s more, it has forced them to react to new market challenges.

In the following guide, we’ll concentrate on how technology is reshaping the insurance enterprise. Besides, the way that it’s introducing new opportunities and driving variables of change.

Key Drivers of Transformation

Innovation and Technology

Innovation in cellular and information has impacted every company model. Surely, the insurance department is also not lagging. It’s the end result of rapid innovations in the kind of efficient insurance applications and technologies. Consequently, the insurance industry is at a tussle with new technology’ dangers and chances.

Customer Expectations and On-Demand Marketplace

The insurance business is famous for non customer touchpoints and slow technology adoptions. In a poll conducted by Morgan Stanley and Boston Consulting Group, it had been found that customers interact less with insurance companies compared to other businesses.

The slow digitization has blocked the capacity of interaction between insurance companies and insureds. In addition, the dearth of touchpoints has decreased the opportunity to gain insights to client requirements. Therefore, resulting in averted customized products.

Depending on the experience in different sectors, the insureds anticipate high-touch & innovative procedures. They need services that are devoted to customer experience and requirements.

Also read: 5 Best Resource Capacity Planning Tools for Teams

Digital Switch

Besides leveraging the low-cost technology platforms, the new players have challenged the traditional market players.

Technologies Transforming Insurance Sector

The introduction of many technologies has evolved the insurance landscape. These technology solutions have formed the transformation in the business. A few of the key inventions are IoT, Blockchain, ML, AI, and Insurance Management platforms.

Internet of Things (IoT)

The Internet of Things (IoT) is a prime illustration of how new information sources are enhanced. It automates a lot of the information sharing process. The carriers may use information shared by the consumers from IoT apparatus that let them understand customers’ needs.

Internet of Matters additionally supports additional insurance tech by supplying firsthand data. This enhances the accuracy of risk evaluation and supplies insurance holders the ability to affect their coverage pricing.

Overall, it plays a critical part in the present conversion of the insurance market. It’s enabled insurers to simulate risk and underwrite policies.

Machine Learning (ML)

The effect of IoT is unending. According to Gartner, the amount of new items linked to the net will rise. It’ll jump from 6.4 billion apparatus at 2023 to 20.8 billion from the year 2023. This may have positive consequences for the house, health and auto insurance market.

ML not only enriches claims processing; additionally, it automates the whole procedure. The digitized files reachable through the cloud are available to analysis. They may be readily analyzed using mechanized applications and programmed calculations.

The automatic system enhances processing speed and precision. Though the cybernetic review result not only asserts management but can also be used for policy management and hazard evaluation.

Artificial Intelligence (AI)

Artificial Intelligence plays a substantial part in altering the insurance market. The AI-based instruments and software profit the insurance companies by offering definite alternatives for insurance operations and claims compensation.

The development of IoT and mobile apps has improved the capacity of enhancing the procedures. This purpose includes insurance coverage selections and analysis too.

The usage of clever tools by insurance providers has contributed insurers access to customers’ personal details. This permits insurance companies to serve them with tailor-made coverages. It assists insurers to execute smart underwriting calculations in their claim control procedures.

Not only that, but helps insurance providers to invent customized sales strategies. It encourages them to deal with the rising competition on the industry.

AI-based insurance software offers complete answers to insurance providers. The program assists many purposes from understanding accuracy, policy modification to fraud detection. These programs have compact and enhanced the productivity of the insurance market. In addition, the adoption of the insurance policy technology has proven to enhance the existing company.

Blockchain Technology

Blockchain is a supply Ledger Technology (DLT) that enables rapid confirmation of this trade. It maintains a bonded record of trades via cryptography and computational power. This gets rid of the function of a reliable centralized authority, aside from supplying permanent records and audit course of trades on computers globally.

Observers also believe that this may result in many different developments in the insurance industry. This technology will set a level of transparency and liability , which was not possible.

It will permit the insurance companies to mitigate fraud and risk, help and arrange back-end surgeries, introduce new products, and decrease prices. In any case, blockchain provides augmented and simpler data accessibility to parties.

Insurance companies lose billions to fraud annually because of physical processes. But, implementing Blockchain technology may stop these deceptive practices.

An insurance policy report from Ernst and Young nations, Blockchain can”end mistake, negligence and discover fraud by supplying a decentralized electronic repository to validate the veracity of consumers, claims and policies independently.”

Is The Answer To Offshoring… Insourcing?

As the flood of U.S. IT work continues to flow toward foreign shores,

some analysts are watching a trickle of jobs starting to move back in

this direction.

And they’re starting to speculate if these incoming jobs actually could

help compensate for the high-paying, high-tech jobs that are being

offshored, leaving behind a troubled IT workforce and a dampened

industry.

”Outsourcing has crowded out the globalization topic,” says Matthew

Slaughter, associate professor of business at Dartmouth College’s Tuck

School of Business. ”It is important to understand the contribution of

these [foreign] companies to the U.S. economy.”

Slaughter recently released a study, Insourcing Jobs: Making the

Global Economy Work for America, which describes the impact of

foreign companies hiring workers here in the U.S. — in all industries,

including IT. It also states that these companies employ nearly five

percent of those working in the private sector and have paid American

workers $307 billion.

While a lot of attention is being paid to the American jobs that are

being offshored, largely to countries like India, China and The

Philippines, Slaughter says the number of insourced jobs is growing

rapidly here in the U.S.

But that insourcing movement is greatly overshadowed by the offshoring

trend, which has garnered national debate and has raised considerable

ire inside and outside of the IT industry. At first, only base-level

jobs, like call center positions and programming, were being offshored.

Now mid-level jobs seem to be finding the same path out of the country.

Only top-tier jobs, like CIOs and team and administrative leaders, seem

to be swimming against the current.

And it’s not a current that is showing any signs of slowing.

Six years from now, one quarter of traditional U.S. IT jobs will be done

offshore, according to new predictions from researchers at Gartner,

Inc., one of the top industry analyst firms. Today, an estimated 5

percent or fewer of U.S. IT jobs have been offshored. By 2010, 25

percent will be situated in emerging countries.

With these kind of numbers behind the offshoring trend, few have paid

any attention to the much smaller number of jobs being insourced. But

regardless of the numbers, it’s a trend that is gaining a toehold in the

industry.

U.S. subsidiaries of foreign companies setting up camp in the U.S. is a

trend that many analysts are calling a vital aspect of globalization, or

the increasing interdependence of the world’s markets and economies.

Many of the foreign IT companies hiring U.S. workers are based in India,

the frequent destination for so many U.S. IT jobs.

U.S. subsidiaries of foreign-based companies employ 5.4 million

Americans and pay these workers 31 percent more than all other U.S.

companies, according to Slaughter’s survey.

Slaughter says insourcing and outsourcing are two vital aspects of the

global economy, adding that while both processes have been going on for

up to 30 years, insourcing is picking up speed here in the U.S. — maybe

just not at the same rate as that of offshoring.

Ashutosh Sheshabalaya, author of Rising Elephant: The Growing Clash

with India Over White Collar Jobs, says the large-scale shift of

U.S. IT jobs overseas is an enormous problem for American IT workers, as

well as for the American economy. However, he adds that many of the

foreign-based firms that are setting up camp in the U.S. could help curb

this trend by creating mid- and high-level management IT positions.

Stan Lepeak, vice president of the META Group, an industry analyst firm

based in Stamford, Conn., says numerous foreign companies, particularly

Indian firms, are not only creating IT jobs, but are altering the impact

outsourcing has on globalization.

”Insourcing is not going to balance outsourcing,” Lepeak says. ”IT

jobs are becoming globalized, and the result is a lot of jobs are going

to be moved. Some jobs will be created here, and overtime there will be

a balance.”

Andy Efstathion, program manager at The Yankee Group, a Boston-based

analyst firm, agrees with Sheshabalaya that the rapid growth of Indian

IT firms moving to the U.S. is creating numerous new high-tech jobs. He

says, though, that many of the new jobs are not on the same level as the

ones that moved overseas.

”Most functions that are offshored tend to be simpler,” Efstathion

says, referring to the early stages of outsourcing, when mainly

Indian firms that are opening up shop in the U.S. must now hire

higher-level managers and sales executives.”

Is it Enough?

However, some industry analysts are unconvinced that foreign companies

are creating enough IT jobs or opportunities to counteract the numerous

high-tech positions lost to offshoring.

President and co-founder of the Organization for The Rights of American

Workers (TORAW), John Bauman says he doesn’t think insourcing is

at keeping American jobs inside U.S. borders.

Bauman says 90 percent of TORAW’s members are IT workers, and 70 percent

of those members lost their high-tech jobs over the past few years. He

adds that many of those workers now are working in other industries —

selling cars or insurance — making 50 percent less than they used to.

”When there is a high-tech worker who used to make six figures working

for Fed-Ex last Christmas for $10 an hour, you know there’s a problem,”

Bauman says.

Lepeak disagrees with Bauman’s assertion that foreign companies are not

creating American IT jobs. However, he says while jobs created by

insourced companies are at higher levels and higher pay, there just

aren’t as many insourced jobs as offshored jobs.

Sheshabalaya encourages IT workers to ride the insourcing wave.

”If you don’t accept this as inevitable, and try to resist it, you are

fighting against a historical tide,” Sheshabalaya says.

Sheshabalaya also says the U.S. government should try to attract foreign

companies to the U.S. by doing things like creating tax breaks and other

benefits, similar to the tax breaks awarded to U.S. companies that send

jobs out of the country.

Terms like insourcing and outsourcing will not be used as much in the

future, Efstathion says, adding that the entire process will be referred

to as ”global sourcing.”

The Next Generation Smartphone Is Here – The Nothing Phone

This year a lot of heat will be caught (some had and some about to be) with the launch of a despicable new phone called ‘Nothing Phone’. Don’t be fanatic or so-hyped because this phone is not normal, it’s next-generation and most of you may not have heard it yet.

Every year, the phone manufacturing companies design and deploy dozens of smartphones with all different features, specs, and heat of catch.

Be ready! Because a new catch is about to be revealed this summer.

Learn Everything About ‘The Nothing Phone’ That We Know So Far!

Nothing is a new passion project of OnePlus founder Carl Pie which is about to kick off this summer in the month of July (continue reading to know the release date) therefore, people are already hyped and excited to know more about it.

So far, the internet is hyped with Nothing phone rumours, leaks, and others. Since the tease of the first-look of this Nothing phone surfaced online, people rushed to hit search to know about this new, next generation smartphone.

And, here’s what the internet covers and what our community knows so far about this phone.

Starting with epithet, Nothing brand’s first smartphone named Phone 1 (numeric only) is the most anticipated release of the year because as I told you earlier ‘it is not new normal’ and distinct from others available smartphones in the market.

The Phone 1 is based on the verge of technology of the present day, and the Carl pie’s vision.

As of now, the entity and professionals know little about this upcoming phone as the company keeps it official for so long. However, the design of the phone is revealed by the company.

Some sources claimed that the specifications that have also surfaced on the internet shall meet with the official launch event. However, the end game still depends on the official predicament.