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If you want to keep your computer fresh, monitoring the temperature of its components is a great way to know whether it is performing smoothly. But, how do you know what temperature is normal for PC parts?
To discuss this exactly, we have brought you this article on normal motherboard temperature. So, without further delay, let’s get right into it.
Before We StartSo, all we can do is check for components that can increase the motherboard’s temperature.
Parts like CPU and GPU heat up fairly quickly. So, when then there is a rise in temperatures, heat dissipated from said parts will heat up your motherboard. Although CPU and GPU fans do an excellent job keeping their temperature to the limit, the motherboard still absorbs some heat, thus increasing its temperature.
How to Monitor Temperature in PCThere is multiple software that can help you monitor your internal component’s temperature. Applications such as HWMonitor, Core Temp, and MSI Afterburner are universal applications that can monitor CPU temperature.
What Is Normal Motherboard Temperature?As discussed above, we cannot directly measure the motherboard’s temperature. All we can do is try and analyze the normal motherboard temperature generated from CPU, GPU, RAM, VRM and multiple other parts.
We have ignored all other variables such as dust, case fan alignment, cable management, and heat from PSU. We have only considered the heat from the CPU, GPU and VRM as these are the components that contribute to changing motherboard temperature the most.
So, here we have discussed what’s the ideal temperature for CPU, GPU and VRM.
What Is Ideal CPU and GPU Temperature?The CPU and GPU are one of the crucial components that heats up the most. So let us discuss what are the normal temperatures for them according to usage.
These measurements are all from user experience and not from the motherboard manufacturer.
Temperatures on IdleWhen a computer is idle, the recommended CPU and GPU temperature should be less than 35 degrees and less than 40 degrees Celsius respectively. The temperature should not exceed 50 degrees Celsius for CPU and 60 degrees Celsius for GPU on idle.
Therefore, the motherboard’s temperature must also fluctuate 20 to 50 degrees Celsius (68 to 122 degrees Fahrenheit). When on idle, your motherboard’s temperature should not exceed 60 degrees. However, this number can go higher if the PC has more workload.
Temperatures on 50% LoadOn half load, CPU and GPU temperature must be lower than 50 degrees and 55 degrees respectively. Their temperature should not exceed 75 degrees Celsius for the CPU and 70 degrees Celsius for the GPU.
So, during half load, ideal motherboard temperatures should be around 40 to 60 degrees (104 to 140 degrees Fahrenheit). This temperature should not go beyond 75 degrees Celsius.
Temperatures on Full LoadOn full load, i.e., 100% usage, the ideal temperature for CPU should be lower than 60 degrees Celsius but no more than 85 degrees. As for GPU, its ideal temperature during workload should be less than 65 degrees and no more than 85 degrees.
Keeping this in mind, we can assume that the ideal motherboard’s temperature during full load is between 55 to 65 degrees Celsius (131 to 149 degrees Fahrenheit). During maximum load, the motherboard temperature should not exceed 85 degrees.
What Is Ideal VRM Temperature?VRM, or the Voltage regulator Module manages voltage stability to the processor and the GPU so that there are no power surges. Managing power to these component will heat up the VRM chip, hence most are attached to a heat sink.
So, what are the normal temperatures for a VRM? As it turns out VRMs get pretty hot and can handle up to 90 degree Celsius. Most VRM chips can even run without any issue at 120 degrees. However, higher temperature does mean a reduced life span.
What Are the Things That Can Affect Motherboard’s Temperature?Besides RAM, CPU, VRM and RAM, there are several other components can affect your motherboard’s temperature.
Case fan alignment
Dust Settlement
Motherboard Capacitor
Cable Management
Issue With the PSU
How to Lower System Temperature?Here are a few things you can try to lower your system’s temperature.
Case Fan AlignmentOne of the things you would want to keep in mind when trying to lower the system temperature is creating a better airflow.
The fan in your PC case should be aligned so that it supplies maximum air into the internal components. There are many types of case fan alignment, but briefly saying, a computer case should have positive airflow in your system. This means that the number of intake fans should be more than or equal to the number of exhaust fans.
Reapply Thermal PasteIf your CPU and GPU are running at a higher temperature than normal, it is probably that the thermal paste on it is dried off. You can fix this by removing the cooler from the CPU or GPU chip and re-apply the paste.
Clean CPU VentsVents on the CPU will get dusty over time. If these vents are left untouched, limited air flow inside the system will cause it to heat up.
Remove these vents from the CPU case and use a vacuum cleaner or a blower to clean them
Cable ManagementIt is necessary to manage cables on your desktop PC since it allows for better air circulation. When you have proper airflow, your system runs at a lower temperature.
Clean Dust Off PCDust on vital parts of your computer, such as case fans, restricts the heat dissipation from components. Hence, increasing its overall temperature. Furthermore, dust can also slow down the fan’s RPM causing a chipset to heat up.
Therefore, Cleaning dust off PC parts will decrease overall system temperature.
Change PSUIf you have a PSU (Power Supply Unit) under stress, it will generate a lot of heat. This will increase your system’s overall performance.
Try using a different PSU to check if it runs cooler than before. If it does then your system might need a different power supply
ConclusionSo, to sum it up, your motherboard’s temperature under 80 degrees Celsius can be considered ideal, depending on workload. However, temperature above 90 or 95 degrees is something to be concerned about.
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What Isand Is It Safe?
The Windows operating system is a sum of its parts. It works thanks to millions of lines of code, spread over hundreds of processes, services, applications, and drivers. When you power on your PC, those processes help to create the user interface you use to sign in, load your software, and more.
Unsecapp.exe is one of several Windows system processes that run in the background on your PC. It is a genuine system component, but with an unfamiliar name and purpose. You might be wondering what chúng tôi is, what it does, and whether it’s safe. Here’s everything you need to know.
Table of Contents
What Is chúng tôi and Is It Safe?If you spot chúng tôi in your Windows Task Manager, don’t be alarmed. chúng tôi stands for Universal Sink to Receive Callbacks from Applications, and relates to a process that’s listed in Windows as Sink to receive asynchronous callbacks for WMI client application.
This is rather complex and technical, but it essentially means that the process plays a part in how Windows responds to requests and instructions from other software. WMI, or Windows Management Instrumentation, allows these services, devices, and drivers to work properly.
The sink (that’s what chúng tôi is) is the method that allows these applications to run tasks and instructions that Windows understands. You might, for instance, have an installed app or service that wants to notify you of something using the notifications area on the taskbar.
That’s why, when you see this service running in the Windows Task Manager, you shouldn’t be alarmed. While a malware infection can sometimes hide itself and pretend to be services like chúng tôi most users will find that the process running is the real chúng tôi file (and therefore safe to keep running).
How to Remove chúng tôi From Windows 10You can’t remove the real chúng tôi from Windows 10. Like other important services that run in the background, such as chúng tôi you can’t stop chúng tôi from running, and the file itself can’t be deleted.
This is because it’s a critical system process that Windows needs to run. If you somehow managed to stop this process from running, Windows would soon stop working and crash, forcing you to reboot. Even worse, if you delete it, you may need to perform a full reinstall of your Windows 10 system.
While the real unsecapp.exe can’t be removed, fake versions of it can be. While rare, some users online have reported malware that pretends to be important system services like chúng tôi to hide in plain sight while damaging your PC.
If this happens, then free software exists to allow you to remove malware completely from your PC. If you don’t want to use a third-party option, then you can always use Windows Security (previously Windows Defender) to run a scan instead, or by using third-party antivirus software.
In the new Windows Security menu, select Virus & threat protection on the left, then select Scan options.
In the Scan options menu, select Microsoft Defender Offline scan, then select the Scan now button.
At this point, Windows will reboot your PC and scan your system files for potential malware. If an infection is detected, the problematic files should be quarantined or removed, but you may wish to look at third-party options to remove particularly stubborn malware infections.
How to Check If chúng tôi Is Real or NotIf you think that the chúng tôi process running on your Windows 10 PC isn’t real, you can check it first by using the Windows Task Manager to see if it’s located in your Windows system folder.
This will open the location of the chúng tôi process in Windows File Explorer. If the file is the legitimate chúng tôi Windows system process, then this will open the C:WindowsSystem32wbem folder, where other important Windows system files are located.
If this doesn’t work, you’ll need to look at trying to remove the malware using the steps outlined in the section above.
Can chúng tôi Cause High CPU, RAM or Other High System Resource Usage?From time to time, the chúng tôi process is reported to use a high amount of your system resources. High CPU or RAM usage is uncommon, but due to the nature of what chúng tôi is and how it works, this is probably due to a third-party service or app interacting with it, rather than a system fault or error.
If a fault is likely, you may wish to use certain command line tools to scan your Windows installation for errors. Problems with chúng tôi could be due to missing files or a poor configuration, causing unnecessary system resource usage on your PC as a result.
The age of your PC might also be the problem. If your PC is a little older, you may need to think carefully about whether it can support the latest Windows 10 features and updates. If that’s the case, you may need to consider upgrading your PC to improve the situation.
Identifying Genuine Windows 10 System ProcessesLike chúng tôi and others, chúng tôi is an important system process that can’t be disabled or removed. Without it, your system wouldn’t work correctly. If you’re still concerned that chúng tôi isn’t legitimate, you can always use Task Manager to trace the file location to see if it’s the right process.
What Are Motherboard Form Factors?
Most computers that are sold feature a standard form factor motherboard. The use of standards in this way helps to ensure that any components are compatible, rather than requiring the user to dive deeply into the specification of every component and its mounting mechanism to verify compatibility.
The original motherboard standards were the XT and AT standards used in the original IBM PCs of the same name in 1983 and 1984, respectively. In 1995 these standards were replaced by an Intel-developed standard, ATX, that is still used today.
Some system integrators or OEMs (Original Equipment Manufacturers) such as DELL have generally chosen to avoid using standard motherboard form factors. To some degree, this has enabled alternative layouts that can be more space efficient or improve airflow. However, the primary driving factor and effect is that the motherboard and many connectors used are proprietary, tying the owner into official repair, replacement, and upgrade services.
While this behavior might not be an issue in a corporate environment, companies will likely already have a service contract with the PC manufacturer. It is less friendly towards the standard home user. The driving concept of the proprietary form factor is demonstrated by the use of non-standard connectors. It would be more believable that the changes are purely for space or efficiency reasons if standard connectors were used.
ATXThe ATX motherboard standard has been in place since 1995. While the individual components have changed as technology and connector standards have changed, the overall average hasn’t changed. For example, the motherboard still uses the same standard size of 305mm x 204mm. Another critical point is the mounting points. As the screw hole locations are standardized and unchanged, you could fit any modern ATX motherboard into a 1995 ATX compatible case. Or a 1995 ATX motherboard into a modern case with no issues.
The ATX standard defines the location of the CPU socket, RAM sockets, PCIe expansion slots, chipset, some power connectors, and the rear I/O. This standardization means that any compatible PC case will fit any ATX motherboard. For example, users don’t need to check if the rear I/O plate is too large. It also means that other components will just fit. For instance, A GPU will fit and align with the rear access panel. Large components like the CPU cooler can be designed to allow for the proximity of the RAM. In this case, many large CPU coolers simply warn users that they may impact compatibility with large RAM heat sinks.
ATX VariantsA variant of ATX called MicroATX is available that is 244mm x 244mm making it roughly 75% of the height of the standard ATX motherboards. This is generally used in small form factor computers. These might be secondary computers inside large computer cases or used in low-load environments such as a media streaming computer.
The reduction in size does mean some components need to be sacrificed. Typically, these are PCIe expansion slots. The smaller size also somewhat limits the cooling capacity that might be achievable in a more significant case. A key difference of MicroATX is that the motherboard mounting screws have different locations. Some but not all full-size cases offer secondary mounting points for MicroATX motherboards.
EATX is a relatively loosely defined standard that simply covers motherboards that are larger than standard ATX motherboards. A key point is that the mounting points are the same as for ATX motherboards. Care should ensure that cases offer enough space to fit the larger EATX motherboards. Typically, one of the core differences of an EATX motherboard is the presence of the second set of RAM slots on the other side of the CPU socket. Some EATX motherboards may offer dual CPU sockets.
ITXThere are three ultra-small form factor motherboard standards: MiniITX, NanoITX, and PicoITX. These are compatible with x86 CPUs and could be used for small form factor computers. However, these are typically used in industrial and automotive control systems. Components are generally chosen for thermal performance reasons, often allowing operation under passive cooling, especially with the case being designed as a passive radiator.
ConclusionATX has been the standard motherboard form factor for PCs since 1995. It standardizes the size and mounting points of the motherboard as well as the location of principal components to ensure compatibility between the motherboard and other components and the motherboard and PC cases.
What Is Cyber Extortion? What Can You Do To Stay Safe?
What Is Cyber Extortion? What Can You Do To Stay Safe? So, What is Cyber extortion? Let’s quickly have a look at common kinds of cyber extortion. (i) DDoS Attacks
Here the cyberattacks flood a given network with so much malicious traffic that it can’t communicate or operate normally. This affects access to data and servers. When a cybercriminal launches such an attack, a huge amount of ransom is demanded to stop the attack.
(ii) Cyber BlackmailIn this kind of attack, cybercriminals intrude on a private network. They then steal valuable networks and keep the information residing in that network hostage. And, unless their demands are met, the cybercriminals don’t hand over the information back.
(iii) RansomwareA very popular form of malware that holds a victim’s information as a hostage and then the attacker asks for a particular ransom to leave the information free. Here users are also given a set of instructions on how they can pay the demanded fee so that the encryption on the data can be removed.
Quite recently a ransomware gang LockBit 2.0 unloaded an attack on IT giant Accenture. The threat actors stated that unless the giant paid them the ransom they would publish the data.
— BleepingComputer (@BleepinComputer) August 13, 2023
How Can You Prevent Yourself From Cyber Extortion? 1. Use A Password ManagerThere are several instances of passwords being compromised. One of the ways to ward off cyber extortion is to use strong passwords. Under normal circumstances, we often use passwords that can be easily compromised. And, for hackers, it is an easy task to find out passwords especially if they are easy to decipher. Once a hacker knows your password he or she can threaten you to furnish whatever data they want.
Knowing the fact that it is next to impossible to remember long passwords for all your accounts, you can always take the aid of a robust password manager which is capable of delivering unique and strong passwords for each of your accounts.
Here is a list of some of the best password managers. TweakPass doesn’t just safeguard your passwords but does a lot many things to strengthen your online security. Here are some of the core functions of TweakPass –
Read Full Review of Tweakpass
Features of TweakPass
TweakPass stores all your passwords at a single location that can only be accessed by you
AES-256-bit encryption
A strong password generator helps generate long, secure passwords that fulfill the condition for a strong password. For instance, it ensures that a password has upper case and lower case characters, numbers, symbols, etc and if the password is complex enough
You can sync stored passwords across all devices
You can save passwords and logins as you browse
How to Use TweakPass
Want to see TweakPass in action, do check out this post. However, let’s get you started, shall we?
Select the platform on which you want to install TweakPass. You can download TweakPass as an extension on your browser or install it on your computer or smartphone
That’s it, follow the on-screen instructions and you are all good to go.
Must Read: Best LastPass Alternatives To Manage Your Passwords
2. Use 2 Factor AuthenticationTwo-factor authentication is considered one of the best and the most powerful ways to protect online information. It acts as an extra layer of protection beyond the username and password that you provide while signing up.
The best part is that these actions can only be performed by you (unless someone has stolen your device from you).
To know more about how you perceive if someone is phishing you, you can check out this post.
4. Keep Your Devices To YourselfWhether it be your friend, colleague, or relative, you should restrain others from using your devices such as computer, laptop, mobile, or any other device, especially those devices that may contain your personal information.
One of the elements based on which a person can intimidate you or extort things from you is when he or she has information about you that can be compromised.
5. Update Your Operating System and Software 6. Install an Effective Antivirus and Maintain a Robust FirewallThe importance of firewall and antivirus, whether at an individual level or organizational level can’t be stressed enough. Modern antivirus programs are created in such a manner that no malware can get past the protective shield created by them. Antivirus software nips a malicious threat right in the bud before it can extend to the files on your computer or even to your complete computer. Here’s everything you need to know about enabling (and even disabling) a firewall on your computer.
7. Create Multiple Data BackupsWhether at the organizational level or personal level, data backups should be kept at multiple places so that if data at one place is compromised, you would at least have several backups to fall back on. You can either create a backup using the facility that your operating system provides you, for instance, Windows users can use Windows 10 enhanced file history feature and Mac users can use time machine. However, you can even opt for specialist utilities to backup data on Android, Windows, and Mac conveniently and swiftly
Wrapping Up:Related Topics
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Sarang Bhargava
What Is Modern Setup Host In Windows 10? Is It Safe?
When you notice lag or overheating on your computer, the first place you check is the Windows Task Manager to see the process slowing the computer down or causing the heating. If you open Task Manager and see a strange process running, you now have to decide whether to leave it or get rid of it.
You may be reading this post because you say Modern Setup Host or chúng tôi running in the background of your system. Before even thinking of removing this file or process from your system, read this article. Here, I’ll tell you what this process is and how to determine if it’s a virus or not.
What is Modern Setup Host on your computer?Modern Setup Host or the chúng tôi file is a Windows operating system process that prepares your machine for updates and facilitates the system setup when you upgrade your operating system to a newer Windows 10 edition. It comes bundled in Windows 10 and runs in the background of your system when you install Windows Updates. This chúng tôi process can sometimes show high CPU or Memory usage.
You can find the chúng tôi file in the $Windows.~BT/Sources folder of your computer. It doesn’t interfere with the running of your machine, except when you install a Windows update. This is the only time Modern Setup Host should appear in Task Manager.
With Modern Setup Host missing from your machine, you wouldn’t be able to run Windows updates. Updates won’t also work if this file is buggy or corrupt.
Is Modern Setup Host safe?You may see Modern Setup Host running in Task Manager and wonder what it is. Generally, this file isn’t a virus; hence, it’s harmless. However, malicious players often disguise their software as legitimate files or processes. So, the Modern Setup Host process you see may or may not be a virus. If you delete this file, you can get Windows update errors such as in the screenshot below.
Thankfully, you have ways to determine the authenticity of this file. Firstly, you are not to download the chúng tôi file from a third-party website because Windows installs it automatically while running updates. Files you obtain from these third-party websites are likely to be malicious.
Malicious versions of the chúng tôi file can lead to issues on your machine, of which the most common is high CPU usage. In the section that follows, I’ll show you some factors you can check to be sure that your copy of Modern Setup Host is safe.
How do I know if chúng tôi is safe or a virus? 1] Check the file’s locationCheck the directory that opens up as the file’s location. If this folder is anything other than the $Windows.~BT/Sources folder, then there’s a chance that the file is not authentic.
2] Check the file’s copyright and signatureModern Setup Host is developed and distributed by Microsoft. Therefore, another way of verifying the legitimacy of the file on your system is to confirm that it carries the Microsoft signature.
After confirming the Copyright information, switch to the Digital Signatures tab at the top. The Name of signer column in the Signature list should show Microsoft Windows to verify that the file is
3] Check when it runsModern Setup Host concerns itself with Windows updates only. When not installing updates, the process should never run. This in itself is another pointer to tell if the file is malicious or not.
First, confirm that no update, press the CTRL + SHIFT + ESC key combination on your keyboard to open Task Manager. If you see the chúng tôi process running when you’re not installing a Windows update, it’s probably a virus, and it has to go.
To prevent viruses from infecting your computer and causing damage, you need reliable antivirus software.
Related read: Modern Setup Host has stopped working.
How To Use Homepod Temperature And Humidity Sensors
If you have a smart home setup and use your HomePod along with the Home app and Siri to manage it, you’ll love the climate feature. You can find out the temperature and humidity in rooms with a HomePod and even set up automation based on the readings.
Ready to get started? Here’s how to use the HomePod temperature and humidity sensors.
Requirements to activate climate sensor on HomePod
In order to use the climate feature, be sure you have the following:
HomePod mini or HomePod (2nd generation): Currently, these are the only compatible HomePod devices with temperature and humidity sensors.
iOS 16.3 or later: The HomePod or HomePod mini needs to be running on 16.3 or later. To check the software on your HomePod or learn how to update it, take a look at our article on finding your HomePod software version.
How to check the temperature and humidity of a room using HomePod
Apple’s Home app is the central spot for managing your smart home devices. From setup to automation, you can take care of everything you need in your Home, including viewing the temperature and humidity.
View climate readings on iPhone, iPad, and Mac
With the Home app open on your iPhone, select Climate at the top. On iPad or Mac, the Climate option is at the top of the Home tab as well as below Categories in the left-hand sidebar.
If you have multiple HomePods or additional compatible sensors set up in your home, you’ll see the temperature and humidity ranges for them all combined.
View climate readings on Apple Watch
Open the Home app on your Apple Watch.
Tap the Climate icon at the top.
You’ll then see the temperature and humidity levels for each room. These are simply listed on one screen.
Ask Siri for the temperature and humidity of a room
You can say things like:
“Hey Siri, what’s the temperature in the kitchen?”
“Hey Siri, is it cold in Sandy’s office?”
“Hey Siri, what’s the humidity in the dining room?”
Prefer to type to Siri on your Mac? You can ask these types of questions there as well.
How to set up temperature and humidity automations on HomePod
Automations allow you to perform actions on your smart home accessories without lifting a finger.
For instance, you can automatically turn on your lights at sunset or turn them off at bedtime. So, why not set up automation based on the temperature or humidity?
If the temperature in your office rises above 80 degrees, you can automatically turn up your air conditioning. Of course, the types of actions you can take depend on the connected HomeKit devices.
Here’s how to create an automation based on temperature or humidity in Home on iPhone.
Open the Home app → select the Automation tab.
Below Events, choose A Sensor Detects Something.
Pick Rises Above or Drops Below. Then use the wheel to select the degrees or percent. Optionally set the Time and People options at the bottom if applicable. Tap Next.
Choose the room and device you want to activate and tap Next.
Then when the temperature or humidity goes up or down, your smart device should take over to make you more comfortable.
Keep it cool or heat things up!
The temperature and humidity sensors in the HomePod, along with the climate feature in iOS 16.3, are terrific enhancements for smart home users.
What are your thoughts? Are you going to keep up with the climate in your home or set up an automation for those hot or cold days? Let us know!
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Sandy
With her BS in Information Technology, Sandy worked for many years in the IT industry as a Project Manager, Department Manager, and PMO Lead. She wanted to help others learn how technology can enrich business and personal lives and has shared her suggestions and how-tos across thousands of articles.
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